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加强一线监管 使违规交易无处可藏

2017-08-28 09:23:02   中国经济网

证监会主席刘士余在证券交易所一线监管国际研讨会上表示

8月25日,证监会主席刘士余在证券交易所一线监管国际研讨会上表示,证券交易所处在资本市场监管体系的第一线,具有独特的优势和不可替代的作用。证监会将加快中央监控系统建设,加强对跨境、跨交易所、跨账户异常交易的监测,使所有的违规交易都无处可藏。

刘士余说,在建设社会主义市场经济体系的改革进程中,我国政府十分重视发展资本市场。经过各方面的努力,中国的资本市场尤其是股权融资有了长足的发展,但在整个融资体系中仍然是一个短板。中国证监会正在按照中央政府的统一部署,牢牢坚持资本市场服务实体经济的根本发展方向和保护投资者合法权益的根本监管使命,大力推进依法监管、全面监管、从严监管,推动资本市场稳定健康发展。

他认为,证券交易所作为市场的组织者、运营者和自律监管者,处在资本市场监管体系的第一线,具有独特的优势和不可替代的作用。

刘士余称,从国际上看,交易所天然具有监管的职能,并普遍为法律所确认。纵观交易所400多年的发展史,可以得出三个基本结论:一是交易所的监管职能与生俱来。二是交易所不管组织形态如何变迁,始终扮演着监管的角色。上世纪90年代末、本世纪初,交易所一度出现公司化浪潮,为解决营利和监管之间可能存在的冲突,对监管职能及履职方式进行了不同程度的分离。即便如此,交易所始终承担着一定的监管职能。近年来,不少国家反思国际金融危机的教训,通过不同方式强化了交易所的监管职能。三是交易所一线监管不仅成为国际共识,而且形成丰富的实践。国际证监会组织(IOSCO)认为,交易所在监管方面可以做很多事,包括对会员的监管、对产品的监管、对交易的监管等。

刘士余强调,从我国的实践看,交易所一线监管必须坚定不移地搞,还有改进的空间。中国的资本市场很年轻,设立沪深交易所不到30年,发育还不成熟。同时,市场很特殊,投资者超过1亿人,个人投资者交易额占比超过80%。在这样的市场,保护投资者特别是中小投资者合法权益,是最艰巨的任务。

刘士余表示,过去沪深交易所一线监管职能发挥得很不够。2015年股市异常波动充分暴露了这一点。交易所绝不是单纯的交易平台,必须是强大的监管者。交易所要切实维护市场秩序,对广大投资者负责。尤其是所有的交易活动发生在交易所,所有的交易记录在交易所留痕,交易所抓监管责无旁贷。2016年以来,沪深交易所探索建立了“以监管会员为中心”的交易行为监管模式。也就是交易所督促会员管好客户,要求会员事前了解客户、事中监控交易、事后报告异常。从一年多的情况看,交易所的工作重心实现了向一线监管的转移,事中监管力度明显加大,市场乱象得到有效遏制,市场生态发生积极变化。中国的资本市场账户是可以看穿的。我们将发挥这一优势,加快中央监控系统建设,加强对跨境、跨交易所、跨账户异常交易的监测,使所有的违规交易都无处可藏。

他说,在一线监管方面,交易所还对上市公司信息披露实施“刨根问底”式的监管,对会员开展合规培训、专项现场检查,并且及时将违法违规线索上报证监会,形成了协同监管的合力。总的看,这两年中国资本市场走得比较稳,得益于沪深交易所自觉担负起一线监管的责任,今后应充分发挥这方面的作用。

刘士余认为,境内外交易所应当携手合作,共同做好一线监管的文章。一线监管不是新事物,但总是面临一些新情况新问题,需要共同探讨,深入交流。国内交易所本身是改革开放的产物。近年来,交易所对外开放步伐加快,开通了沪港通、深港通,同“一带一路”沿线国家的交易所开展了实质性合作。今后,中国证监会将以更大的力度支持境内外交易所拓展机构互设、人员培训、互联互通等方面的务实合作,为全球资本市场稳定繁荣注入新动力。

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