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横店影视 放电影不敌卖爆米花

2017-08-24 09:23:23   中国经济网

票房收入今年骤降,上半年卖品业务毛利甚至超过电影放映业务

2017年暑假即将过去,回顾整个暑期电影市场,7月乏善可陈,8月全靠《战狼2》撑起了一片天。截至本周二,《战狼2》累计票房已超52亿,为今年来疲态尽显的国产电影市场打了一剂“强心针”。受益于此,电影院线类上市公司近期颇受市场关注。乘着这股东风,背靠大股东横店集团的国内前十大院线公司——横店影视股份有限公司于本周二顺利过会。

突出竞争重围并非易事

根据国家新闻出版广电总局电影局统计,截至6月30日,今年上半年总票房为273.46亿元,比去年同期增长11.2%;其中国产电影仅占电影总票房的38%,创下历史低点。与之相对应的是,相关个股上半年在资本市场上也表现平平,与横店影视主业相似的浙江区域院线龙头时代院线更因主业亏损、利润下降等原因,在IPO路上折戟沉沙。虽然没有遭遇同样命运,但在当前市场竞争加剧、“僧多粥少”的大背景下,主营业务缺乏突出亮点的横店影视想要突出重围,也不是那么容易的事。

横店影视主营业务为院线发行、电影放映及相关衍生业务。截至今年6月底,公司在全国拥有310家星级影院,其中245家为直营影院。2014年—2017年6月底,公司各期分别实现主营业务收入11.76亿元、20.80亿元、21.96亿元和11.90亿元。截至今年6月底,公司在全国院线中排名第8,在全国影院投资公司中排名第3。公司方面表示,其业绩增长主要源于提前布局全国县级影院市场的空白,2013—2015年,公司四、五线城市的直营影院票房收入复合增长率分别达到82.75%和88.77%。

上半年票房收入同比下降

但到了2016年,受国内电影票房增速大幅缩水影响,公司票房收入增长率较2015年同期的85%骤减至5%,今年上半年较去年同期更是下降了2%,要较快地提升票房,不是靠新建几所电影院就能解决的问题。国内的观众在经历了过去几年国产片乏善可陈之后,逐渐学会了有选择的理性观影,院线公司也不能指望每年都能出一部《战狼2》这样的超级“爆款”来“旱涝保收”,除了“跑马圈地”盖新影院,提升观影体验、改造放映技术、创新服务实现差异化经营,才是院线公司长期成长性的真正来源。

以业内老大万达电影(002739)为例,其于2016年成立万达传媒,并购时光网,布局游戏产业,大力拓展在广告传媒、电影整合营销、在线直播、游戏产业等领域的业务,2016年实现非票房收入39亿元,同比增长超100%,占营业收入比重达35%。坐拥中影星美等三条控股院线的中国电影(600977)则是在放映技术及放映质量上不断精益求精,逐步加大包括“中国巨幕”系统等先进放映技术和设备的安装配置力度,以此提升控股影院的市场竞争力。

爆米花等卖品业务收入颇丰

反观横店影视,公司过去几年以至未来几年的发展重点,除了马不停蹄四处新建电影院,别无亮点。而在不停“圈地”的同时,公司电影放映业务毛利率却连续几年低于行业平均水平,2014年-2016年,公司电影放映业务毛利率分别为7.27%、16.92%和10.01%,同行业可比公司均值则分别达到20.06%、22.01%和16.30%。对此,公司方面解释称,毛利率低是因为影院布局快速扩张的成本增长超过了票房收入的增速,且与同行业可比公司成本核算范围不同所致。

虽然放电影不太赚钱,但公司靠爆米花、可乐等卖品业务收入颇丰。2014年到2017年上半年,公司各期卖品业务收入分别达1.60亿元、2.46亿元、2.37亿元和1.33亿元,毛利率分别高 达 69.87%、72.19%、73.81%和73.96%。今年上半年,公司卖品业务毛利甚至超过了电影放映业务。

不过靠卖爆米花挣钱的也不止横店影视一家,万达电影、幸福蓝海(300528)等同行公司卖品业务毛利率也都在60%以上。一边开电影院,一边卖爆米花,也不失为一桩好买卖。

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