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服务器行业竞争白热化 浪潮信息增收不增利

2017-08-24 07:16:47   中国经济网

每经记者 张 斯 实习记者 宗 旭 每经编辑 张海妮

8月23日,浪潮信息(000977,SZ)发布的2017年半年报显示,今年1~6月,公司营业收入为91亿元,同比大增55.73%。不过,销售业绩增长并未转化为相应的利润同步增长,2017年上半年归属于上市公司股东的净利润仅为 1.44 亿元,同比大幅下滑44.66%。

独立云计算产业分析师罗亮在接受《每日经济新闻》记者采访时指出,浪潮信息服务器的销售增量目前主要来自互联网大客户行业的数据中心市场,并且这部分业务的占比在大幅提高。不过在面对这部分客户时,浪潮信息的议价能力一般,导致公司营收大幅增加,利润的增长却非常有限。

服务器业务营收依旧强劲

8月23日,浪潮信息发布了2017年半年度报告。

报告显示,公司2017年1~6月实现营业收入91亿元,同比增长55.73%;归属于上市公司股东的净利润为1.44亿元,同比下降44.66%。《每日经济新闻》记者注意到,计入当期损益的政府补助约为1776万元。

对于业绩增长,浪潮信息解释称主要系服务器及部件销售增长所致。

根据ID调查机构数据显示,得益于大数据、云计算、移动、社交等热点的持续影响,中国服务器市场未来5年将稳健增长,除了传统的机架式与数据中心产品,高密度、整机柜服务器也将在云计算市场中迎来成长。

罗亮指出,浪潮信息目前在国内数据中心服务器市场上做得很不错,也有很多互联网大客户,跟随客户数据中心快速建设的步伐,浪潮服务器销量也一直在走高,这保证了浪潮信息营收的增长。

在国内,浪潮信息为百度、阿里巴巴、腾讯、奇虎、科大讯飞、Face++等国内知名AI相关企业提供计算力支撑。

在国际市场上,如在美国市场,浪潮美国工厂正式批投产保障了浪潮对美洲地区的本土化交付,同时浪潮在美国的渠道和服务体系也已全面铺开。浪潮信息也成功加入OCP和OPEN 19 开放计算标准组织,成为OpenStack基金会金牌会员,这使得它在美国、欧洲的市场影响力也得到了提升。

这些在半年报中也有体现。分地区看,今年上半年,公司国内市场营收为75.33亿元,同比增长34.67%;海外市场营收为15.25亿元,同比增长625.84%。

毛利率持续下降

《每日经济新闻》记者注意到,服务器行业属于知识密集型和资金密集型相结合的行业,市场集中度较高,当前市场竞争趋于白热化。ZDC在《2017年上半年中国服务器市场研究报告》中指出,虽然服务器属于高利润产品,但是这种现象在x86服务器中并不明显,尤其标准服务器利润空间正在不断被压缩。

这种情况在浪潮信息身上也可见一斑。

2015年上半年、2016年上半年及2017年上半年,浪潮信息服务器及部件业务营收分别为39.63亿元、58.04亿元和90.04亿元,与之对应的毛利率分别为14.38%、13.56%和10.46%。通过对比可以看出,浪潮信息营收虽然在持续增长,但是毛利率持续下降。

罗亮表示,虽然浪潮信息目前在国内数据中心服务器市场上做得很不错,但是目前服务器市场竞争激烈,面向互联网大客户的服务器产品的毛利率本身就非常低,同时内存等元器件价格还在上涨,几项关键因素叠加,进一步挤压了浪潮服务器产品的毛利率空间,并最终导致净利率的降低。

在高性能服务器领域,虽然浪潮在四路和八路等高性能服务器产品上的出货量在整个行业中占据优势,这部分产品的出货量占比进一步提高,有望改善浪潮信息的利润率。但是在罗亮看来,服务器市场近乎是一个充分竞争的市场,整个行业的毛利率都不可能得到大幅改善。

关于高性能服务器的出货数量及相关产品的毛利率,目前浪潮信息尚未披露相关详细信息,相关高性能产品的盈利性及对公司总体营收数据的影响仍需后续观察。

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