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贵州“限酒”闪了白酒股的“腰”

2017-08-23 08:37:30   中国经济网

■ 袁钢

这边厢,股价“破五”“奔六”,意气风发;那边厢,酒价创近年高价,一瓶难求。然而,福兮祸所伏也,贵州茅台这只聚万千宠爱于一身的A股第一高价股,却因一纸“限酒令”在一夜之间一度下跌近2.8%,拖累一众白酒股纷纷跟跌,成为8月22日沪指冲击3300点的一颗绊脚石。

8月21日,贵州出台了《贵州省公务活动全面禁酒的规定》,公务活动全面“限酒”,自2017年9月1日起实施。规定提到:全省范围内的公务活动,一律禁止提供任何酒类,一律不得饮用任何单位和个人提供的任何酒类,包括私人自带的酒类。全省范围内的公务活动,一律禁止公款赠送任何酒类。在工作时间内和工作日午间,一律不准饮酒。此外,重大外事活动和招商引资活动,确需提供酒类和饮酒的,须按一事一购买、一事一审批的原则,由承办单位报分管该单位或该项工作的负责同志审批,同时报同级纪委备案。适用范围包括贵州省各级党的机关、人大机关、行政机关、政协机关、审判机关、检察机关、人民团体和事业单位及其工作人员。省属国有(独资或控股)企业、国有金融企业参照本规定执行。

自2012年“八项规定”出台后,白酒行业对政策就变得极为敏感,也因此而低迷差不多整整5个年头。此番贵州一声令下,贵州茅台股价应声下跌,引发恐慌性抛盘。22日开盘,贵州茅台最低跌至476元,跌幅2.8%,创出8月8日以来新低;与此同时,沱牌舍得、水井坊盘中最低跌超7%,泸州老窖、酒鬼酒最低也跌超6%。初步统计,22日上午,18家白酒股市值共跌去近166亿。

事实上,遭遇“限酒”并非贵州茅台一家。此前,黑龙江、吉林在2014年出台有关公务接待规定,要求省内公务活动一律不饮酒;2016年安徽、江苏、新疆、浙江、湖南等省也相继出台公务接待“禁酒令”。而今年8月份以来,多个省市机关单位下发《关于开展违规公款购买消费高档白酒问题集中排查整治工作的通知》,拟于8月底前对违规公款购买消费高档白酒问题开展一次集中排查整治,疑似涉及全国的统一专项整治行动。

那么,在此背景下,是否意味着白酒股又将进入漫长冬夜?对此有行业分析师表示,近期政府再次严查三公用高档白酒,但相较2012年严查三公用高档白酒的影响应不是一个量级的,茅台、五粮液等高档酒公司无需过分担忧。另外,本轮白酒股回暖,并非只是炒作,与业绩增长密切相关。

查阅近期的公开信息不难发现,多家券商鉴于贵州茅台业绩成长确定性高,已经将其12个月目标价至600元/股;也就是说,贵州茅台的流通市值有可能在一年内达到7500亿元以上。除了贵州茅台,券商对整个白酒股也是不吝赞誉之词。其中太平洋证券就维持白酒板块行业景气度和股价高点的判断,认为2018年依然高景气,股价高点大概率出现在明年一季报前后。三季报披露前后,股价有望再度上涨,主要逻辑有两个:一是中秋国庆旺季的销售数据和三季报的乐观预期能够对股价上涨形成刺激,再叠加年底的估值切换,主流的白酒公司都还有比较明确的、有吸引力的股价空间;二是结合过往历史数据,进入四季度之后,机构主动配置和加仓白酒的意愿会明显增强,形成新的动力。

从上述分析不难发现,贵州茅台引发的白酒股的集体大跌,或只是属于短期的事件性干扰,对于未来白酒股的负面影响有限;而昨日盘中逢低介入的资金,说不定也抄了个短底。

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