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人民币王者归来 外汇占款即将转正

2017-08-18 14:14:22   中国经济网

外占8月有望转正

在人民币汇率“自发”走强的背景下,外汇市场供求趋于平衡,引发市场人士对外汇占款转正的猜测。最新公布的7月外汇占款降幅大幅收窄,进一步提升市场对外汇占款8月转正的预期。

央行日前公布,7月末央行口径外汇占款余额为21.5万亿元人民币,环比减少46.47亿元人民币,虽仍在减少,但较6月的减少343.15亿元大幅缩窄86.5%,显示外汇供求平衡状况持续好转。

受汇率波动等因素的影响,自2015年11月以来,外汇占款一直呈逐月递减趋势,至今已持续21个月,但随着今年人民币企稳升值,外汇占款降幅明显收窄。数据显示,今年1月至6月,外汇占款分别下降了2088亿元、581亿元、547亿元、420亿元、293亿元及343亿元。

外汇储备数据与结售汇数据也可以佐证资本外流压力减轻。外汇局16日公布的数据显示,今年上半年银行结售汇累计逆差938亿美元,较2016年同期1738亿美元的逆差规模大幅收窄。此外,截至今年7月,外汇储备余额已经连续6个月小幅正增长,站稳3万亿美元。

分析人士认为,市场对人民币汇率和国际收支预期较为乐观,是季节性购汇需求较大背景下外汇占款降幅继续收窄的重要原因。考虑到人民币后续仍有“补涨”需求,外汇占款很有可能在未来1-2个月转正。

7月外汇占款数据出炉后,交通银行研究员刘健点评称,8月以来人民币对美元汇率继续稳中有升,部分交易日的表现甚至脱离美元影响,意味着部分交易日结售汇可能出现久违的顺差,资本流动与汇率可能相互促进。未来1-2个月,外汇占款有望转正。

这一观点得到不少市场人士的认同。覃汉指出,种种迹象表明,8月人民币的升值可能是国内结汇力量“主动”推动的结果,而非外部美元走弱“被动”形成的假象。一个可能的解释是,汇率跌破了不少企业“囤积美元”的“成本线”,导致止损性质的结汇盘大量涌现。“主动升值”是由真实结汇盘驱动的,因而升值一般会伴随实际的资本流入,对应外汇占款转正。

但覃汉同时表示,人民币升值不意味着外汇占款会立马增加。考虑到当前资金流出减缓,但净流出的方向未发生变化;结汇意愿年初以来有所回升,但距离2015年之前的水平还有差距;监管强度“未松”,还不能判定资金流动的改善是“内生”的;外汇占款变化也存在季节性的规律;下半年(特别是8月以后)外汇占款流出幅度有重新扩大的风险。

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