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罚金共计3000多万 外汇局“亮剑”严防风险

2017-08-18 11:04:59   中国经济网

国家外汇管理局不久前通报了25个外汇违规典型案例,严厉处罚企业虚构贸易背景逃汇、个人非法买卖外汇、银行纵容虚假交易等外汇违规行为,总计处罚没款达3385.54万元人民币。

严惩的背后,折射出外汇管理部门加强监管、整顿市场乱象的决心,有力地防范了外汇市场的风险,维护了金融外汇市场的稳定。

六企业虚构贸易逃汇

受重罚

外汇交易真实、合法是外汇管理的基本要求,但总有不法企业往往挖空心思构造交易背景逃汇,导致外汇非法流出,造成跨境资金流动风险。

通报显示,2015年7月至9月,捷汇通(天津)贸易有限公司编造采购合同,虚构进口贸易,以“预付货款”名义对外支付4825.78万美元,造成大额外汇资金非法流出。根据《外汇管理条例》规定,该公司被处以罚款606万元人民币,成为此次通报中被处罚金最高的企业。

通报案例中虚构贸易逃汇的企业不止一家,包括日照天桥、三锦石化、元捷贸易等在内的6家企业通过虚构转口贸易进行逃汇,共造成近8000万美元的外汇非法流出,同样受到监管部门的重罚。

专家介绍,转口贸易具有两头在外的特点,资金流在境内流转,而货物流不入关直接在境外交易。此类贸易不会有海关报关单等证明,需要通过提单或仓单等商业单据证明贸易背景真实。因此,有不法企业利用伪造、变造的虚假单证,虚构转口贸易办理对外付汇或骗取贸易融资非法转移境外。

相关管理部门人士表示,外汇局为提升贸易便利化水平,不断简化审核单证要求,但简化单证不是放弃真实性审核,一笔真实的贸易资金收付,必须有真实货物流和资金流,否则将受到严厉查处。

加大对个人违法违规行为的打击力度

我国对于个人具有真实、合法需求的经常项下个人购汇不予限制。但近些年,个人非法买卖外汇、向境外非法转移资金的违法违规行为时有发生,不少人违规购买境外投资性保险、境外购房等,这迫使外汇管理部门进一步细化个人购付汇申报内容,强化真实性审核,加大对个人违法违规行为的打击力度。

通报显示,2014年9月至2015年9月,祝某为逃避监管,将1291.4万港元通过地下钱庄兑换并转入境内本人人民币账户,涉及金额1034.74万元人民币,构成非法买卖外汇行为,被处罚款36万元人民币。

个人非法转移资金不仅会遭受金钱处罚,有时还将面临牢狱之灾。外汇局通报称,2013年10月至2015年11月,陈某等4人以本人及亲戚朋友名义,办理100多张银行卡,在澳门提取港元现钞,再私下卖给当地商户或赌场,涉及金额4.76亿元人民币。陈某等4人不仅被处罚金30万元人民币,还因以非法经营罪被判有期徒刑3年至5年。

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