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山东“柔性”降企业杠杆 暂时出现资金周转困难的企业可获支持

2017-08-16 11:12:10   中国经济网

为推动实体经济发展,山东日前出台政策降低企业杠杆率,将用2-3年时间,通过推进企业兼并重组、多措并举盘活企业资产、优化企业债务结构、开展市场化银行债权转股权、大力发展股权融资等,降低全省各类企业杠杆率。

鼓励引入社会资本

经济导报记者注意到,此次山东将把降杠杆纳入国有资产管理部门对国有企业的业绩考核体系,实行资产负债率差异化管理。运用经营业绩考核、人事任免奖惩、创新型试点政策倾斜等机制,调动国有企业降杠杆的积极性。

推进企业兼并重组则是重点。山东鼓励钢铁、水泥、电解铝等产能过剩行业企业加大兼并重组力度。支持省内企业挂优靠强,与中央企业合资合作,借力发展、互利共赢。在重要基础设施类、公共产品和服务类、资源及开发类等行业和领域,鼓励国有企业引入社会资本和战略投资者。

而针对清理因担保圈、债务链形成的三角债,山东鼓励银行业金融机构对发展前景良好、生产经营正常、仍具备清偿能力但由于阶段性原因成为资金拖欠源头的企业,在有效管控风险的前提下,予以必要支持。

推动企业在风险可控的前提下,合理运用债务融资工具,提高直接融资比重,置换高成本融资或用长期债券置换短期债务,优化企业债务结构。进一步完善债券融资后备资源库,遴选符合国家产业政策及发债条件的企业和项目,鼓励企业通过发行项目收益债、战略性新兴产业专项债、绿色产业专项债等企业债券,降低企业财务成本。

债转股成为降杠杆的重要手段。据了解,山东将鼓励面向主业发展较为平稳但资产负债率偏高或受行业影响暂时资金周转困难且财务费用较高的企业实施债转股。严禁将已失去生存发展前景的“僵尸企业”、有恶意逃废债或失信行为的企业、债权债务关系复杂且不明晰的企业、有可能助长过剩产能扩张和增加库存的企业等作为市场化债转股对象。

围绕盘活企业资产,支持企业处置闲置的生产设备、土地、房产、在建工程、债权、知识产权等资产,鼓励融资租赁企业采取租赁、回租等方式盘活闲置资产。盘活存量和低效利用的土地,允许存量土地使用权人依法依规对土地进行再开发。规范清理盈利能力差、与主业关联度较低的土地、房产、设备、股权投资等低效无效资产,采用市场化方式依法剥离,减轻企业经营负担。

支持企业托管处置抵(质)押物资产,拓宽企业存量资产交易盘活渠道。鼓励企业开展以应收账款、收费权、租赁债权等财产权利和基础设施、商业物业等不动产财产或财产权益为基础资产的资产证券化业务。探索实施知识产权、碳排放权等资产证券化。

营造降杠杆良好环境

据了解,对开展降低杠杆率取得实际成效的企业,山东将综合运用风险补偿、贷款贴息、奖励补助等多种手段,为降低杠杆率提供有力支持。

鼓励银行业金融机构开办循环贷款、年审贷款等业务品种,对资金周转出现暂时困难但仍具备清偿能力和市场竞争力的企业,通过调整贷款期限、还款方式等贷款重组措施,缓解企业债务压力。

对于扭亏无望、已失去生存发展前景的“僵尸企业”,依司法程序进行破产清算,全面清查破产企业财产,清偿破产企业债务并注销破产企业法人资格,妥善安置人员。对符合破产条件但仍有发展前景的企业,支持债权人和企业按照法院破产重整程序或自主协商对企业进行债务重组。鼓励企业与债权人依据破产和解程序达成和解协议,实施和解。

加强对担保圈、互保链、贸易融资等领域金融风险的防范和化解,强化对市场化债转股各类主体监管,防止风险向下一环节渗透。

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