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拒收现金被指“违法” “无现金”前景几何

2017-08-04 10:17:08   新华网

媒体援引专业人士观点称拒收人民币现金属违法行为;分析称“无现金”不能代替法定货币

随着近期多家第三方支付机构力推“无现金”消费,昨日,一则有关“拒收现金”的报道引发了社会的热议。

据媒体援引一位专业人士的观点称,根据中华人民共和国人民币管理条例,商家拒收人民币现金属于违法行为。该人士还表示,在任何一个场景里,如果只有一种支付形式存在,一定是国家主权货币——人民币。

随着第三方支付手段深入人心,购物、用餐、用车、买票等多个场景的现金支付已逐渐被手机扫码所取代。在很多应用场景中,无现金支付方式都在取代现金交易。那么,如果商家只接受移动支付,是否违反了“不得拒收现金”的规定呢?

多位分析人士表示,无现金、智能货币等,是法定货币——人民币的补充,不应替代法定货币,也不应因移动支付的流行,而减少人民币的应用场景。

  疑问1 “谢绝现金”是否等于拒收人民币?

2016年的一则报道称,某大学的一家面馆开业后不设收银台、收银员,不刷卡、不收现金,所有用餐者均须刷微信二维码点餐并支付餐费。在被媒体报道后,央行当地支行派人员进行调查并督促涉事面馆整改,后该面馆撤下“谢绝现金”的提示,并接受用餐者使用现金付款。

商家“拒收现金”的行为曾多次见诸报端,这种行为是否违法?

一位金融行业律师向新京报记者表示,按照人民币管理条例,人民币是国家法定货币,拒收实际上是挑战了法定货币的地位。“无现金、智能货币,实际上都是法定货币的一个补充,不能替代法定货币,也不能减少它的应用场景。人民币就是指实物货币,不包括智能的、或者在账面流动的钱。”

《中华人民共和国人民币管理条例》第三条规定,中华人民共和国的法定货币是人民币。任何单位和个人不得拒收。与此同时,《条例》第二条规定,所称人民币是指中国人民银行依法发行的货币,包括纸币和硬币。

此前有声音认为,手机支付本质上属于电子货币的一种形式,消费者仍然是在支付人民币,“拒收现金”似不能一概视为违法。

上述律师称,商家可以提倡大家减少纸币的使用,鼓励环保,但是直接拒收现金肯定是有问题。而且监管会表明坚决的态度,捍卫法定货币的地位。“其实从另一个角度看,这对消费者也不公平,虽然年轻人对智能手机、移动支付很熟悉,但像70岁以上的老人如果去馒头店买东西,没有微信,还不让人吃饭吗?”

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