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回归保障不只是监管要求更是保险业内在需要

2017-07-25 18:36:07   中国经济网

今年以来,保监会积极推进保险费率形成机制改革和保险产品监管改革,正式实施偿二代监管制度体系等,这一系列动作都意在坚持引导保险行业回归保障本源。“回归风险保障”成为行业的主旋律,而这不仅是监管的要求,也是保险行业自身的内在需要。

首先,保险的核心价值在于提供风险保障。风险保障功能是保险业的立业之本,是其他行业不可替代的行业价值灵魂所在。保险发展的两驾马车,一是投资功能,另一个就是保障功能。而从近几年的市场来看,部分公司过于关注保险的投资功能,忽略了保险根本的保障功能。这种舍本逐末的方式不健康也不会长久。险企要真正做到“两条腿走路”,实现快速平稳发展,就需要补齐短板,加强保障主业。

其次,自2008年全球金融危机以来,各国相继进入低利率时代,想要更好地应对利率风险,追求稳定的利润,险企尤其是寿险公司最重要的就是要提升产品保障占比。在低利率环境下,销售长期储蓄型产品会承担较大的利率风险,而从目前的趋势来看,全球范围内的利率水平仍将维持在较低位置,减少对利差的依赖程度,是险企尤其是寿险公司应对复杂利率环境的根本途径。在可见的预期投资收益率下降的基础下,寿险公司也会主动向保障转型,调整产品结构,增加保障型产品的供给,从而增强未来承保盈利水平和竞争力。目前,已经有越来越多的保险公司转向销售更多的保障型产品。

回归保障也是顺应行业发展的大趋势。中国保险业从无到有,到2016年,我国原保费收入达30960.01亿元,同比增长27.5%,保费收入跃居全球第二。短时间内取得这种发展速度,“规模至上”的发展方式功不可没。过去一段时期,保险行业更多地关注了规模的增长,保险公司也往往以高收益的产品吸引客户。在现行营销员管理体制下,管理粗放等问题进一步放大了营销人员对于规模增长的追求,忽视了对于投保人自身保险需求的满足,甚至发生了不少骗保等违法违规案例。随着经济社会和行业的发展,这已成为很多保险公司的瓶颈,其弊端也日益显现,如近几年保险行业整体退保率就出现了明显增长。发展模式的难以为继,也倒逼险企自我转型,而转型中的重要一步,就是要回归保障这一保险的初衷。

保险产品从最初简单的火灾保险等发展到如今的分红、万能、投连险等丰富的产品阵营,广大保险消费者对保险的需求越来越多元化。从本质上说,买保险就是为了用较小的确定的经济投入弥补较大的不确定的风险带来的经济损失。因此,大力发展养老、医疗等保险保障业务,满足消费者根本需求,成为支持行业持续健康发展的根本动力。保险公司也必然会开始关注增长效率,主动放弃低效益的扩张,重点推动保障型产品的发展。

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