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兼并重组红利显现 央企上半年收入利润双创新高

2017-07-12 17:49:45   经济参考报

作为国民经济的重要支柱,央企上半年交上了一份漂亮的成绩单。国资委总会计师沈莹11日在国新办新闻发布会上表示,2017年上半年中央企业收入利润双创新高。6月当月实现利润1596.7亿元(人民币,下同),为单月利润历史最高水平。

资料图:正在工作的工人。中新社记者 王东明 摄

数据显示,上半年,中央企业累计实现营业收入12.5万亿元,同比增长16.8%,已经连续5个月保持两位数增长;累计实现利润总额7218亿元,同比增长15.8%,净利润5353.2亿元,同比增长18.6%。102家中央企业中,有99家企业盈利,48家企业效益增幅超过10%,29家企业效益增幅超过了20%。值得注意的是,主业利润增长贡献进一步提高,上半年,中央企业主业利润占整个利润比重同比提高了4.8个百分点。

“以往一些多元化的企业,特别是上市公司,绩效比较好,但是一些投资公司效益不是很好,这种情况下会造成集团母公司利润和利润总额的不同步增长。现在这几个指标匹配非常好。”沈莹说,她表示,效益的增长很大一部分来自于潜在生产能力的释放,比如传统的石油石化钢铁煤炭行业的效益有大幅的回升,奠定了效益增长的基础。同时,先进装备制造业、现代服务业等产业效益也在持续向好。

据国资委统计,1月至6月,中央石油石化企业成品油产、销量同比分别增长0.8%和2.1%;中央电力企业发电量同比增长4.4%,电网企业售电量同比增长6.7%;煤炭企业原煤产量同比增长9.1%,商品煤销量同比增长16.6%;航空企业、水运企业运输总周转量同比分别增长9.9%和5.3%。

2017年6月以来,从中央到地方,特别是涉及煤炭、钢铁等产能过剩领域,国有企业并购重组的步伐正在显著加快,围绕着国企改革的市场化重组正在全面加速。沈莹表示,重组整合特别是在当前形势下,是央企主动适应新常态、引领新常态的一个重要决策,也是市场经济条件下企业间的一个日常的经营行为。

在沈莹看来,央企在推进重组过程中更加注重了重组的效果,就是两个集团重组合并以后能不能做到1+1>2。“从我们近几年来重组的情况来看,我们主要有几种形式,一种形式是强强联合,这样可以减少很多重复的投资、重复的布局,减少很多运营成本,这个比较典型的就是中远集团和中国海运的重组合并,还有武钢和宝钢集团的重组合并。从效果来看,中国远洋海运重组以后,效果非常明显,今年上半年的利润已经超过百亿元。还有一种模式就是吸收合并,合并后公司在产业价值链上有很好的优势。还有一种模式就是产业链上下游之间的重组,这是为了抵御市场波动的风险。”她说。她同时表示,重组的难点在于文化的融合、人员安置以及企业组织结构调整上。

作为供给侧改革的重要组成部分,在企业瘦身健体、化解产能过剩等工作上,央企改革也在加速。沈莹透露,截至6月末,中央企业法人户数同比减少11%,87%的压减企业为3-5级企业;上半年累计化解钢铁过剩产能595万吨,已提前完成全年任务;化解煤炭过剩产能659万吨,重组煤炭产能1300万吨。(记者 杨烨 黄可欣)

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