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网约车新政遇“落地难” 专家建议:激发市场活力

2017-06-29 09:56:00   经济参考报

新经济给社会带来的急剧变革和利益格局调整,在网约车领域体现得十分充分。一方面,新经济的平台化、网络化特点扩大矛盾影响的范围、深度,另一方面,网约车新政涉及面广,利益博弈增加了新政落地难度。

《经济参考报》记者了解到,《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》实施已逾半年,不少地方政府的实施细则依然没有出台,一些已出台细则但门槛较高的城市,网约车新政面临“落地难”。

不少业内人士和专家建议,应充分意识到网约车为代表的共享经济对社会就业的拉动作用和社会管理模式的变革作用,建议用权力的“减法”,换取市场活力的“乘法”。

  部分城市网约车新政“落地难”

记者了解到,截至2017年4月24日,已有85个城市出台了网约车实施细则,115个城市完成征求意见,还有100多个城市尚未完成征求意见。

在一些出台新政的地区,政策落地依然面临博弈局面。记者了解到,政策要求与平台利益之间博弈的主要焦点有二:一是否落实户籍、车辆、轴距等要求;二是接入监管平台的运营数据需要达到什么程度,包含哪些内容。

实际操作过程中,一些城市考虑到本地出租车市场容量和城市发展战略需求,在司机户籍、车型价格轴距等方面进行了较多限制。一些平台测算发现,在门槛较高的城市落实新政,其网约车运力将减少90%以上,对平台来说可谓打击沉重。

同时,网约车的平台化特征打破了过去“公司就在本地”的传统,网约车平台如果没有在当地设立子公司,地方管理部门在监管时有可能找不到沟通对象,加剧了解决问题的难度。

另一方面,以网约车平台为代表的新经济借助补贴和融资快速抢占市场份额,但这种快节奏在短时间内对传统出租车行业平衡格局带来较大冲击。同时,在一些较高门槛地区,对网约车司机也造成了较大的“挤出效应”。这些因素导致部分地方巡游车司机与网约车司机不断产生摩擦。

网约车新政影响群体广泛。据滴滴出行统计,截至2017年2月,滴滴平台上司机注册总量达到1750万以上。滴滴平台上活跃司机200万,人均日收入超过160元,而全国各个城市出租车司机总数也达到200万人。与此同时,滴滴背后还有数以千计的软件和算法工程师。

  各方对网约车新政反应不一

记者了解到,全国各地新政落地的情况千差万别,各方对网约车行业的看法也出现了摇摆。

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