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“中国神电”合并猜想 或改写煤电行业格局

2017-06-27 14:56:03   中国经济周刊

《中国经济周刊》记者 谢玮 | 北京报道

责编:周琦

(本文刊发于《中国经济周刊》2017年第25期)

6月4日,中国神华能源股份有限公司(601088.SH)和国电电力发展股份有限公司(600795.SH)同时发布公告称,双方的控股股东神华集团和国电集团拟筹划涉及两家上市公司的重大事项,均于6月5日停牌。市场猜测,两家能源央企或将进行重组。

对于“神电合并”的猜测,神华与国电在官方层面均未做出评论。在国企改革及去产能的大背景下,市场对能源行业央企兼并重组充满了想象空间。

  “纵向合并”猜想

从神华集团与国电集团的业务布局看,两家企业处于产业链上下游关系,业务板块多有重合。

神华集团是世界上最大的煤炭供应商,除煤炭产业外,业务贯穿电力、铁路、煤制油与煤化工等全产业链。今年3月,神华集团控股的中国神华以590亿元的分红预案震惊市场。中国企业研究院首席研究员李锦分析认为,分红的主因是为煤炭企业兼并重组提供资金。

国电集团则为国内五大发电集团之一。国电集团2016年报数据显示,其可控装机容量1.43亿千瓦,发电业务整体营收507.24亿元,拥有国电电力、国电科环等多家上市公司。

截至今年4月,神华集团企业总资产达10143亿元,国电集团资产总额超过8031亿元。若“中国神电”能够成立,资产规模将远超此前合并的宝武集团、中国中车等超大型公司。

“若将上下游的企业合并在一起,能为电力口提供稳定、大量、长期的煤炭供应,可以在一定程度上缓解煤电长期存在的矛盾。同时,也有利于建立起跨行业、跨所有制、跨领域的煤电运一体的超大规模的能源企业。”中央财经大学中国煤炭经济研究院煤炭上市公司研究中心主任邢雷对《中国经济周刊》记者表示,神华、国电两家企业如果合并,在产业链上下沟通,能够在一定程度上降低电力企业的成本。

  或改写煤电行业格局

目前,对于合并传闻,神华与国电在官方层面均未做出评论。但可以明确的是,如果二者真的合并,将影响煤炭、电力两个行业的格局。

煤炭与火电两大行业长期处于“零和博弈”状态。政府虽然利用“煤电联营”等方式协调解决上下游之争,但一直无法解决“市场煤”与“计划电”的深层次矛盾。随着火电行业产能过剩问题出现,矛盾更加凸显。

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