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“人人公益”等平台骗术被曝光 剖析网络传销

2017-06-26 11:10:44   

日前,一则消息进入公众视野:消费者在小超市、洗车行等地方消费100元,成为“人人公益”平台的“加盟商”,平台就可返消费者99元,剩下的1元钱由平台拿去做公益,如此“高回报”且貌似很有爱心的活动,吸引了不少消费者参与,可是好景不长,有些“加盟商”在尝到一些甜头后,追加的欠款音讯全无。原来,这些平台是在打着爱心旗帜行骗。

当前,“人人公益”等公司宣称的运营模式并不少见。网上出现的所谓“全返型消费平台”不少都是骗局。例如,公安部门已通报深圳人人优益公司开发的“人人公益”平台为网络传销,该平台无任何经营收入,仅依靠后入局者缴纳的会费来为老会员“返利”,是典型的“庞氏骗局”。即便是一些平台承诺公司以收取的费用投资创收来支撑,但因没有实体经济的支撑,这种投资不可能在短时间内以高额收益支撑消费全返。

对于消费者普遍关心的“消费奖励模式”,消费者在平台上注册后,只要在注册的商家消费就可以拿到返利。公安机关调查后发现,所谓高额返利其实就是用后加入者的投资来返利给先加入者,资金链很快就会断裂。

北京市西城区法院法官王飞告诉《经济日报》记者,此类骗局是以新增资金的进入维持投资回报。经过初期的粗放式发展后,一旦达到人员、资金的临界点,“雪球”不能再滚得更大了,资金链就会断裂。这时,往往在骗局“资金链”顶端的人就卷钱跑路了。

这些平台的组织者应当承担怎样的法律责任呢?王飞说,未经法律程序批准向社会公众募集资金,将有可能构成诈骗罪,也有可能涉嫌非法集资犯罪,发展下线将有可能构成组织、领导传销活动罪。不论是哪种形式,都涉嫌违反国家法律。因此,对于心存侥幸以此发家致富的人来说,等待他们的是法律严惩。

随着移动互联网和金融的发展,“互联网+”“普惠金融”“公益”等概念频频出现,一些骗局也披上了新的外衣“粉墨登场”,虽然乱花渐欲迷人眼,但万变不离其宗。“如果看到下面这些‘危险信号’,那就得注意核实:承诺短期内不合理的高额回报;创收模式语焉不详,晦涩难懂,甚至有些难以自圆其说的;要求会员不断发展下线,吸入新资金的;名称简称模棱两可,挂靠、混淆权威单位企业;利用潜在受害人的投资心理,甚至自己暴露非法行为的‘漏洞’,鼓励受害人火中取栗的。”王飞说。

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