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“智轨列车”申请专利30余项 市场空间或达万亿级别

2017-06-20 17:14:06   中国经济周刊

《中国经济周刊》 记者 李永华 | 株洲报道

(本文刊发于《中国经济周刊》2017年第24期)

中车株洲所研发的全球首列虚拟轨道列车。《中国经济周刊》记者 李永华I 摄

6月2日,全球首列虚拟轨道列车在中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司(下称“中车株洲所”)首次亮相。

中国工程院院士、中车株洲所董事长丁荣军介绍,这种正式名称为智能轨道快运系统(ART 系统,下称“智轨列车”)的全新产品,集成了虚拟轨际跟随、永磁驱动等尖端技术,是全球首创的一款新型城市交通工具。

这辆虚拟轨道列车长达30多米,最多可乘坐300多人,虽然路面没有实体轨道,整列车却沿着一条虚拟的轨道前行,就像是一列开在路面的地铁,现场体验颇为震撼。

一个项目申请30多个专利

中车株洲所副总经理、总工程师冯江华告诉《中国经济周刊》记者,轨道交通是解决城市拥堵非常重要的一种交通方式,“我们逐渐发现,要破解现在公共交通难题,传统轨道交通装备制式面临不少难以跨越的障碍。”

目前,城市公共交通系统主要构成为地铁、轻轨、有轨电车、公交车、BRT(快速公交系统)等。地铁和轻轨虽然运力强,但建设成本巨大。公开资料显示,北京地铁16号线,每公里成本已经超过10亿元。如此高昂的成本,给地方政府带来极大的财政压力,中小城市更是望而却步。

有轨电车也不便宜,综合建设成本约为每公里1.5亿~2亿元。同时,有轨电车需要专门的电力系统和轨道配合设计,维护成本高,而且必须建设专线,限制较多。当前,我国有轨电车总规划线路长达6000公里,实际运行线路却只有200余公里。

冯江华介绍,从2013年开始,株洲所意识到,亟须探索一种经济、绿色的新型公共交通工具,来解决中小城市公共交通方式中存在的运输力差、基础设施建设和运营成本高、线路调配不便三个“老大难”问题,化解我国快速发展的城市化带来的公共交通压力。

其设想的创新思路是:能否摆脱轨道的约束,同时又实现物理轨道的主要优势?一种没有轨道却能像轨道交通车辆运行的虚拟轨道车辆概念在冯江华的脑海中浮现。

2013年5月,虚拟轨道车辆项目正式启动。时代电气副总经理兼总工程师尚敬表示,这是一种全新的方案,全球从基础理论到关键技术都是一片空白。要实现这个目标,株洲所只能单打独斗,从最基础的数学算法开始探索,一步步攻克所遇到的各种难题。“可以说,这是一场挑战科技尖峰的大会战。”

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