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新华社兰州6月19日电(记者齐中熙、王衡)被国内外隧道专家定性为“国内罕见,世界难题”的兰渝铁路“头号重难点”工程——胡麻岭隧道19日胜利贯通,标志着兰渝铁路全线通车进入最后阶段。
兰渝铁路是中国西部铁路网主骨架,连接黄河与长江两大流域,是兰新经济带与川渝经济带的一座重要“钢铁”桥梁,也是“一带一路”沿线的重要交通大动脉。兰渝铁路建成通车后,欧洲以及我国新疆经兰州到重庆的列车不必再绕行陇海、西康、襄渝铁路,将成为与京广线、京沪线并列的三条南北铁路大动脉之一,也是西部地区与珠三角、长三角地区的重要通道。
兰渝铁路所经地区被称为“地质博物馆”,是中国地质条件最复杂的山区长大干线铁路。中国铁建十九局集团承建的胡麻岭隧道全长13.6公里,是兰渝铁路中最难的一段,也是最后一个节点工程。该隧道地质以第三系泥岩、砂岩夹泥岩、富水粉细砂为主,泥砂含水量高达24%。胡麻岭隧道施工如同软豆腐里打隧道,稀泥浆糊里施工。传统的注浆及降水措施收效甚微,施工过程中边挖边流,稍有不慎隧道就会变形和塌方,尤其是1号斜井与2号斜井间为第三系富水粉细砂高压富水区,先后发生四次大规模突水涌泥,共计涌出砂土5万立方米、泥浆15万立方米,抽出的水多达80万立方米。
针对这一难点,胡麻岭隧道自2009年建设伊始,各科研机构及中外专家、院士纷纷进驻现场,寻找最佳解决方案。几年的时间边施工、边探索、边科研,通过百余次专家会议论证,历经上千次工艺试验,一个个施工难题不断被破解。
中国铁建十九局董事长王学忠说,施工中采用 “真空降水”等新技术新工艺,有效克服了突水涌砂泛滥,施工安全得到可靠保障,实现治标又治本目标。
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