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中国海域可燃冰试开采取得多项突破 预测资源量约800亿吨油当量

2017-06-02 17:00:18   国际在线

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 李雯婷):中国国土资源部6月2日在北京宣布,中国正在南海神狐海域进行的天然气水合物试开采已连续产气22天,取得了持续产气时间长、气流稳定、环境安全等多项重大突破性成果,这标志着中国成为全球海域天然气水合物试开采连续产气时间最长的国家。此外,初步预测中国海域天然气水合物资源量约800亿吨油当量。

天然气水合物俗称可燃冰,是由天然气和水在高压低温的条件下形成的类冰状结晶物质,是世界公认的一种清洁高效的未来替代能源。

中国这次天然气水合物试采作业区位于中国南海的神狐海域。3月28日第一口试采井开钻,5月10日点火成功,从水深1266米海底以下的天然气水合物矿藏开采出天然气。到5月18日上午10时,连续产气近8天,平均日产超过1.6万立方米,超额完成“日产万方、持续一周”的预定目标,这标志着中国海域天然气水合物首次试采成功。

中国地质调查局副局长、天然气水合物试采协调领导小组副组长李金发在当天举行的新闻发布会上介绍说,“截至目前,已连续产气超过22天,平均日产8350立方米,气压气流稳定,井底状态良好。试采安全评估和环境监测结果显示,钻井作业安全,海底地层稳定,大气和海水甲烷含量无异常变化。取得了海域天然气水合物试采持续产气时间最长、气流稳定、环境安全等多项重大突破性成果。”

李金发介绍说,海域天然气水合物首次试采实现了勘查开发理论、关键技术、工程管理和重大技术装备的自主创新。比如,初步建立“两期三型”成矿理论,指导在南海准确圈定了找矿靶区;研发出防砂技术、储层改造技术等关键技术;研制出中国第一台4500米作业级无人遥控探测潜水器“海马”号,等等。据李金发透露,未来中国地质调查局将加快推进天然气水合物勘查开采产业化,开展一系列调查评价和科技创新工作。“第一个方面是要继续对目前试采进行科学测试和研究,取全取准各类参数,为下一步的勘探开发和方案的制定提供科学依据。第二个就是我们要摸清资源家底,有三个层面上,在区域上开展地质调查,开展潜力评价,对重点地区开展普查,对2-4个目标区详查,要求能达到开发程度的资源量。为下一步的产业化提供资源保障,同时我们要建立产学研用的产业联盟来指导推进下一步的勘察开发进程。”

据介绍,通过在南海北部开展天然气水合物调查工作,中国已圈定了两个千亿方级的矿藏,控制资源量分别为1231亿立方米和1500亿立方米,初步预测中国海域天然气水合物资源量约800亿吨油当量,而国际公认的全球资源量相当于21万亿吨油当量。

中国在海域可燃冰勘察开采期间,环境保护也被放在突出位置。北京大学教授、天然气水合物试采工程首席科学家卢海龙介绍说,这次试采按照国际标准的环境管理体系、工艺安全风险管理等,采取了严格的环境保护措施。“总的来讲是一个立体的监测,在开发过程中从海水、大气、海底包括生产井内是立体监测,避免甲烷渗漏,在这次试采中没有任何问题。”

据透露,未来,中国将围绕环境保护进一步完善理论技术方法体系,为安全可控的资源开发创造条件;持续开展环境调查与监测,获取海洋环境参数,评价天然气水合物环境效应;加强环境保护与安全生产技术研发,实现可燃冰的绿色开发。

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