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日本招聘求职比升至新高 失业率稳于20年低点

2017-05-31 17:54:37   经济参考报

最新统计数据显示,日本4月招聘和求职比升至逾40年以来最高,失业率则持稳于20年低点,就业市场持续紧俏,劳动力需求稳步增加。分析认为,未来消费者支出应会受到支撑。

4月招聘和求职比从上月的1.45升至1.48,意味着每个求职者对应着1.48个职位空缺。由于工人短缺,而且服务业和建筑业活动增加,劳动力需求稳步增加。与此同时,4月份日本失业率持稳于2.8%,与1994年6月来的最低水平持平。据报道,劳动力需求上一次如此强劲是在1974年2月,当时求职比为1.53。

市场人士期待,该国疲弱的消费者支出反弹将因此获得动力。数据显示,4月所有家庭支出降幅大于预期,因为汽车和学费支出下降,消费支出仍落后于其他经济领域的改善进度,诸如出口和工厂产出。日本4月经物价调整的实际家庭支出较上年同期下降1.4%。

整体来看,就业市场紧俏可能降低市场对消费者支出的悲观看法,并支持日本央行的判断。央行称劳动力需求上升,最终将刺激通胀。有分析师认为,随着更多人就业,未来消费者支出应会受到支撑。

此外,扣除汽车及住房支出,4月家庭支出经季节调整后较前月增长3.5%,这显示消费者支出比整体数据要强。

《日本经济新闻》汇总的2017年度日本设备投资动向调查显示,日本全部产业的计划投资额同比增长13.6%。时隔4年出现两位数增长,与2016年度的减少3.8%相比大幅增长。

不过,也有分析指出,企业的投资意愿旺盛,但日本国内的工资上涨速度正在放缓。记者 周武英

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