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发改委:降杠杆成效显现 债务风险安全可控
2017-05-25 09:57:03 中国经济网
原标题:发改委:降杠杆成效显现
债务风险安全可控
积极稳妥降低企业杠杆率是党中央、国务院从战略层面做出的重大决策部署,是供给侧结构性改革的重要任务之一。中央提出要在控制总杠杆率的前提下,把降低企业杠杆率作为重中之重。
国务院此前发布的《关于积极稳妥降低企业杠杆率的意见》及附件《关于市场化银行债权转股权的指导意见》提出兼并重组、完善现代企业制度强化自我约束、盘活存量资产、优化债务结构、有序开展市场化银行债权转股权、依法破产、发展股权融资等七大措施,积极稳妥降低企业杠杆率。目前各项措施落实推进情况良好,进展顺利,并已取得初步成效,中国债务风险总体可控。
5月24日,国家发改委财政金融司相关负责人表示,我国降杠杆成效显现。首先,我国总杠杆率水平居中且正趋于稳定。从绝对水平看,我国杠杆率水平并不高,仅位于主要经济体的中等水平;其次,我国企业杠杆率开始下降。根据国际清算银行(BIS)的最新数据,我国2016年第三季度末非金融企业杠杆率为166.2%,较上季度末下降0.6个百分点,这是中国非金融企业杠杆率连续19个季度上升后的首次下降。2017年3月末,我国规模以上工业企业资产负债率同比下降0.7个百分点,企业微观层面的杠杆率也呈下降趋势。
上述负责人同时表示,我国企业债务风险总体安全可控。企业负债经营是市场经济的普遍现象。债务规模大小和杠杆率高低与一国经济结构、金融结构存在密切关系。从经济结构看,我国储蓄率比较高,达50%左右,显著高于国际平均水平。从金融结构看,我国是以银行信贷等间接融资为主的金融体系,这种金融体系中企业的负债水平相对较高。从国际经验看,由外债引发的危机要远多于内债。我国债务主要是内债,外债在总债务中的比重很低,并且我国杠杆率有高储蓄率作为支撑,这与低储蓄率条件下高杠杆风险有明显不同,引发系统性风险的可能性较低。
(责编:贾兴鹏、杨曦)
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