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首单10亿元专项债务融资工具发行 双创债试点迎全面破局

2017-05-09 16:55:01   经济参考报

继发改委“双创孵化”专项债、证监会交易所创新创业债券试点之后,银行间市场双创债也正式迎来全面破局。5月8日,首单双创专项债务融资工具——成都高新投资集团有限公司项目在银行间市场完成发行。此外,本周末也是证监会此前发布的《关于开展创新创业公司债券试点的指导意见》(下称《指导意见》)征求意见的最后日子。对此,业内专家表示,在政策支持下,双创债规模有望快速增长,但仍要面临风险-收益比这一定价核心问题。

伴随创新驱动发展战略和投融资体制改革的不断深入,旨在拓宽科技型中小企业融资渠道的双创债试点步伐呈现加快加大态势。据了解,8日发行的成都高投双创专项债务融资工具注册金额10亿元,首期发行5亿元,期限5年,发行利率5.6%,定向投资人共7家,受到银行间债券市场投资人的广泛认可。募集资金中9亿元用于偿还银行贷款和孵化园项目建设,1亿元分散用于11个创新型企业股权投资,使用行业分布于生物医药、高端装备制造、互联网软件开发、节能环保等国家战略性新兴产业,直接支持成都高新区双创企业的科技创新与建设发展。

对此,该只债券的主承销商国家开发银行相关人士表示,“双创是国家发展新经济、培育新动能、打造新引擎的重大战略,双创离不开债券市场的支持。本次创新成功为双创债务融资工具开了闸、点了火,我们相信,在央行和交易商协会的推动下,双创债务融资工具必将步入蓬勃发展的快车道,为银行间市场注入新的活力。”

实际上,扶持双创企业融资的工作早已在多个部门展开。2015年7月,国务院发布《关于大力推进大众创业万众创新若干政策措施的意见》,其中要求,支持符合条件的创业企业上市或发行票据融资,并鼓励创业企业通过债券市场筹集资金。2015年12月,发改委曾向各地发改部门下发过《双创孵化专项债券发行指引》,支持提供“双创孵化”服务的产业类企业或园区经营公司发行双创孵化专项债券。

不过,有业内人士坦言,包括“双创孵化”专项债在内的所有双创债在内,截至目前发的数量并不是特别多。“创新创业公司多为轻资产公司,按现有评级标准难以取得较高评级。虽然‘双创债’不强制要求评级,但未评级的债项较难获得投资者的认可,导致企业综合融资成本较高、融资过程中谈判能力较弱;另外,‘双创债’支持设置转股条款,但是由于科技型中小企业的股权较难获得广泛认可的公允定价,且公司因实施转股造成股权结构变化对其发行上市的实质性影响有待进一步明确,发行设置转股条款的‘双创债’面临一定的困难;最后,目前投资于‘双创债’的专项基金或产业投资基金规模有待扩大,相关配套支持措施有待进一步完善。”中关村管委会金融处相关负责人表示。

此外,双创债发债主体融资成本也需要关注。记者初步统计发现,双创债利息仍然较高,票面利率通常在5%~8%,加上承销费费用、担保费用,融资成本高于银行贷款利率。对此,上述业内人士坦言,目前试点的企业自身比较优质,但众多有意向发行双创债的企业必须面临2%左右担保费。加上券商、会计师、律师等中介费用,如果融资成本超过10%,双创债对企业的吸引力将会大幅降低。

“我们认为双创债在政策支持下,规模有望快速增长,但是仍然要解决风险-收益比这一核心问题。”天风证券固收首席孙彬彬表示。他认为,当前中小企业直接融资最大的问题是信用风险。

为提高双创债的市场接受度,《指导意见》提出,加强政策引导,推动双创债纳入地方政府和园区的科技金融支持政策。记者了解到,首批试点区中,北京中关村和苏州园区给予成功发行双创债的企业票面利率30%的利息补贴,杭州滨江区给予企业融资规模1%~3%的补贴、总体补贴不超过200万元,深圳福田区采取2%的发行规模补贴。记者 钟源

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