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快递垃圾成不可忽视污染大户 一次性使用导致回收难

2017-04-27 10:55:21   经济参考报

快递垃圾:不可忽视的污染大户

网购,已成为人们生活的一部分。与之相伴的是,快递垃圾数量剧增。统计数据显示,2015年,全国快递业所使用的胶带总长度为169.85亿米,可以绕地球赤道425圈;2016年,全国约产生300亿个快递包裹,随之产生的纸壳、胶带、塑料袋等垃圾的体量可想而知。专家学者表示,快递垃圾如果处理不当,所带来的污染将十分严重。建议从减少快递过度包装、应用可分解材料、加强回收再利用、完善相关监督管理等多种渠道强化综合治理。

李萌是一位“网购达人”,每周都会收到大量快递包裹。“很多快递,除了外包装盒,里面还塞着泡沫块、缓冲袋等填充物。”她说,包装盒外,一般都还有一层层的胶带。而快递取出来后,“盒子用不上,基本上都只能是丢掉。”大量的快递包装,就这样在仅仅一次使用后,就沦为垃圾。

记者在湖北、辽宁、天津、吉林、北京、河北等地的垃圾中转站、垃圾处理场调研发现,用于寄送快递的包装盒四处可见,在垃圾中占据了很大比例。这些混杂在生活垃圾、建筑垃圾等之中的纸盒或纸箱,大多已是污迹斑斑,很难回收利用。在北京、长春的部分垃圾储运点,不少知名电商的纸壳箱、塑料袋和一些快递包装物数量不在少数。

国家邮政局2016年发布的《中国快递领域绿色包装发展现状及趋势报告》中,也指出了快递垃圾的泛滥。报告显示,2015年,我国快递业共消耗快递运单约207亿枚、编织袋约31亿条、塑料袋约82.68亿个、封套约31.05亿个、包装箱约99.22亿个、胶带约169.85亿米、内部缓冲物约29.77亿个。

按照平均每单快件使用1米长胶带计算,2015年全国快递业所使用的胶带总长度为169.85亿米,可以绕地球赤道425圈。与此同时,2016年我国产生逾300亿个快递包裹,据国家邮政局预测,到2018年将达500亿个。快递行业每年使用大量不可自然降解塑料袋、胶带,排放的二氧化碳每年2000万到3000万吨。

调研中,《经济参考报》记者了解到,网购等因素导致快递垃圾急剧增长,进而成为影响生态环境的新的污染源。

国家邮政局公布的数据指出,2016年,我国快递量为313.5亿件,较2015年206亿件增长逾五成,且已连续六年每年增长超过五成。湖北省邮政管理局发布的数据显示,快递企业业务量明显。其中,仅2016年1至10月,湖北省邮政企业和快递服务企业业务总量累计完成151.76亿元,同比增长41.58%。沈阳市快递协会会长黄伟告诉记者,2016年沈阳市快递企业业务量累计完成19289.06万件,同比增长75.97%。与高速增长的快递量同步,国内多省市由快递包装导致的快递垃圾增长迅速。

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