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“光伏+水务”“光伏+渔业”——江苏光伏发电新模式见闻

2017-04-25 16:51:40   新华网

新华社南京4月25日电 题:“光伏+水务”“光伏+渔业”——江苏光伏发电新模式见闻

新华社记者郑生竹

银灰色的钢架如伞骨般撑开,顶托着一米多宽的光伏板,数十片光伏板一字铺开,若非经人介绍,参观者会误以为这是污水处理厂遮雨的棚子。

“当看到鼓励利用闲置空间发展分布式发电的新政策后,就开始寻思着能不能让水务和光伏结合在一起。”严俊泉是江苏省扬州公用水务集团总经理,负责扬州2个污水处理厂和3个自来水厂的运营。

2014年,严俊泉找到了一家能在水厂上建光伏的新能源企业,签署合作协议后,不到半年,就在5个水厂上方建起了9.7兆瓦分布式光伏发电项目。

用电是水厂的主要运营成本,严俊泉介绍说,光伏项目并网发电两年来,年发电量达1000多万度,每天发电量基本够水厂白天的用电。据其测算,不到9年,水务集团即可收回光伏项目投资成本。

“用清洁的太阳能补充和替代传统的燃煤电力,在降低水处理电耗成本的同时,还能有效抑制池内水体蓝藻的生长。”严俊泉指着污水池上方的光伏板说,照入池内的太阳光被光伏板遮挡,一定程度上减少了池内微生物的光合作用以及蓝藻的产生。

能想到用闲置空间来发展光伏的不只有严俊泉,类似的“光伏+”模式也被引进其他行业。

鱼塘中间,用水泥柱作为支撑,架上一片片光伏板,鱼塘周边留有环沟,比中间的光伏区域深1至1.5米,这是位于江苏如东县的通威如东“渔光一体”基地现场。

据通威集团副总裁胡荣柱介绍,通威如东“渔光一体”基地总规划占地2720亩,光伏装机总容量80兆瓦。目前建成的第一期占地500亩,每年发电量约1300万度,除去自用电,95%的电能都输送到国家电网的线路上。

“以前这是荒地和盐碱地,作为集团‘渔光一体’示范基地后,上可发电、下可养鱼,根据当地的咸淡水环境,养殖了梭子蟹、鲻鱼、小白虾等品种。”据通威如东“渔光一体”基地养殖部负责人马欢迎介绍,到了捕捞期,降低鱼塘水位后,鱼虾蟹就会“水落石出”,聚集到环沟,方便捕捞。

“光伏区只占鱼塘面积50%至60%,真正遮阳的比例30%都不到,所以光伏板对水体的光合作用影响很小。”马欢迎说,夏季因为光伏板的遮阳作用,基地的鱼塘比普通鱼塘水温低1到2摄氏度,反而更适宜鱼类生长。

“江苏等东部地区土地资源有限,但是水面较多,适宜发展‘渔光一体’项目。”胡荣柱说。

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