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楼市2016:从惊心动魄到转危为安

2016-12-26 10:52:18   

进入10月份以后,受政府调控措施的影响,房价增幅环比下落。10月、11月连续两月,百城住宅均价环比上涨幅度均较上月回落,特别是热点城市房价环比下降明显。

投资投机需求

由迅速爆发蔓延到沉寂离场

本轮楼市局部热潮总体与一、二线以及部分三线城市异地购房比例高、投资投机需求爆发密切相关。住房需求是驱动楼市发展的最主要动力,包括消费性需求(自住性、改善型)、投资性需求、投机性需求的释放或短期叠加会对住房市场产生重要影响。一般而言,与居民收入、人口结构有关的消费性住房需求,以及基于资产保值的合理投资性需求通常会保持相对平稳增长和释放,而以套利、炒作为主的投资投机性住房需求具有短期内迅速涌入楼市的特点,催高楼市虚火。从住房销量呈现的需求变动来看,本轮楼市局部疯涨中住房投机成分占比较高,投机需求火旺。2016以来,全国商品住房销售面积呈现了一波井喷式的波动增长过程,1-4月份的同比增长率一度达到38.3%,创造了2015年初以来的峰值。1-9月份,全国商品房销售面积9.31亿平方米,同比增长27.14%,比2015年全年高出了20.27个百分点。但进入10月份后,受楼市调控措施的影响,投资投机需求瞬间沉寂离场,热点城市住房成交量呈现环比下行态势,部分城市降幅较大。

开发投资增幅

由快升到缓落再略有反弹

全国房地产开发投资同比增速扭转持续俯冲式下滑后,于2016年初有了明显的回升。2016年1-9月份,全国房地产开发投资7.46万亿元,同比名义增长5.76%,比2015年全年提高4.77个百分点。其中,住宅投资4.99万亿元,增长5.11%,比2015年全年提高4.73个百分点,总体呈现快速上升到缓慢回落再略有反弹的过程。进入10月份以后,政府加强了楼市调控,但房地产开发投资继续保持平稳增长态势。

全国住宅开发投资在总体回暖调整过程中,不同类型城市间存在一定的差异。2015年10月至2016年9月间,40个重点城市的房地产住宅开发投资同比增速保持温和上行,累计值同比增幅最高为6.2%,最低为2.1%,而非重点城市的同比增速在-1.43%和7.43%的区间调整运行,重点城市住宅开发投资累计量的全国占比保持在50%以上。

住房供求空间错配

持续加剧

尽管从总量上看住房销量大幅增长,名义库存不断下降,去库存取得了一些成效。但是,住房库存总量仍然偏高,且空间错配问题依然突出,表现为一、二线城市库存少、投资增加率低,销售火爆,住房在当前及未来仍然短缺;三、四线及以下城市库存大,销售增长缓慢,且房地产投资、新开工依然强劲,去库存效果不明显。

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