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涉农金融机构应单列涉农信贷计划

2016-12-23 17:31:55   

近日闭幕的中央经济工作会议把推进农业经济结构性改革作为明年和今后一个时期工作的主要任务,这一部署意义重大。深入推进农业供给侧结构性改革,要把增加绿色优质农产品供给放在突出位置,狠抓农产品标准化生产、品牌创建、质量安全,让国人吃得舒心、吃得安全。

笔者认为,推进农业经济供给侧结构性改革,不仅是农业部门的事,涉农金融机构亦当率先行动,在四方面加大服务力度。

以服务现代农业为重心。涉农金融机构应单列涉农信贷计划,创新支农融资模式,优化信贷结构,努力实现涉农信贷投放持续增长。当前,可从支持农业转变发展方式,支持农产品加工业转型升级及农产品流通设施和市场建设,支持农村基础设施建设,支持发展乡村旅游、新农村建设,支持农村产业深度融合发展,支持农业生态治理等方面着力。

突出支持粮食安全。粮食安全是关乎国计民生的大事,涉农金融机构当围绕粮食安全展开全方位服务。比如,通过加大中长期信贷投入,重点支持主要粮食作物生产基地、大中型水利工程和配套项目基础设施建设、高标准农田建设、中低产田改造、“粮食安全工程”建设及大力支持开发优质高产新品种、提高产品科技含量,大力支持粮食流通储备体系建设和大型粮食企业集团发展,增强粮食市场调控能力,提升国际市场竞争力。这一过程中,要注重加强与政府部门的合作,将银行资金和财政性资金有机结合、配套使用,使之发挥更大的作用。

扎实开展“两权”抵押贷款。从农村现状来看,实施“两权”抵押贷款,首先要在法律上明确农村土地的担保物权性质,逐步将土地承包经营权和农房财产权纳入抵押设定,从法律上创新土地抵押制度。同时,要尽快完善农村土地价值和农民财产权评估市场建设,包括专业评估机构和评估人才、评估管理细则等,为涉农金融机构开展“两权”抵押贷款提供评估服务。此外,还须完善土地流转中介服务机构。鼓励涉农金融机构在贷款期限、利率、发放流程、风险控制等方面设计出适合农民需要的金融产品和服务。政府部门可从贷款贴息、风险分担、金融监管和农业保险等方面,出台“两权”抵押贷款风险补偿办法,与银行合力防范风险。

深入开展精准扶贫。金融机构应帮助贫困乡村对接国家扶贫开发项目,重点支持农业龙头企业、农民合作社、种养大户、家庭农场等新型农业经营主体,重点支持“公司+合作社+贫困户”“龙头企业+基地+贫困户”等产业发展模式。同时还可借力资本市场推动扶贫开发,支持符合条件的新型农业经营主体通过多种债务融资工具拓宽直接融资渠道。鼓励农村保险行业积极参与精准扶贫,建立涉农金融机构扶贫责任制。

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