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推进“石墨烯+”要过三道坎

2016-12-21 13:37:43   

近日,由清华大学深圳研究生院和内蒙古大盛新材料公司产学研合作的全新工艺生产30吨石墨烯结束中试、放大量产,再次引发业界对“石墨烯+”的关注。

作为一种电学、力学、热学等各方面性能优异的革命性新材料,石墨烯在电子信息、新能源、化工、环境等下游领域具有极为广泛的应用空间。世界各国对石墨烯研究和产业化愈加重视,我国已将其列入“十三五”国民经济和社会发展的重大工程、“中国制造2025”的重要领域,去年还出台了《关于加快石墨烯产业创新发展的若干意见》,政策扶持力度不断加大。业界普遍认为,和“互联网+”“稀土+”“金融+”“文化+”等一样,“石墨烯+”正当其时,可有效推动相关产业走向高端。

不过,尽管存在巨大的发展潜力,但目前国内石墨烯的生产研发还存在“雷声大、雨点小”的问题。相关科研院所论文多、专利多,但推广少、转化少;生产企业热炒的多,实干的少;宏观层面上,石墨烯的行业标准尚未制定;技术层面上,许多关键性技术还未获得实质性突破。其中,面对极为广阔的下游应用市场,石墨烯量产成本居高不下,尤其是5层以内的薄层石墨烯量产成本高企,已成为石墨烯推广应用和整个产业发展壮大的障碍。

推进“石墨烯+”,首先要推进低成本化生产。业界人士分析认为,此次清华大学和大盛公司共同实现“低成本宏量制备石墨烯”的技术突破,得益产学研的一体化,有利于推进石墨烯低成本化生产。为了加速“石墨烯+”的推进,内蒙古乌兰察布市兴和县专门成立了石墨烯技术研究院、院士工作站等,中科院、清华大学的博士在此领衔。乌兰察布市还成立了专项基金,规划了产业园。而大盛公司则掌握了当地和外地上游优质矿产资源,自矿业开采到粗深加工再到最终成品的全产业链生产,能够将物流、管理等成本降到最低,最终将薄层石墨烯量产成本控制在1元/克以内,成为产学研合作的典范。

加快实现石墨烯的标准化生产,也是推进“石墨烯+”的一个重要环节。截至目前,由于行业标准缺位,我国石墨烯研发生产泥沙俱下,许多地方竟然把膨胀石墨当做石墨烯,还有部分石墨企业技术落后,采富弃贫,开采回收低,环境破坏大。所以,推进标准化生产迫在眉睫。

此外,石墨烯产业更要细分市场,实现专业化、系列化生产。从大的方面看,石墨烯适用于储能领域、热管理领域、涂料领域、电子信息领域,广泛应用于冶金、石油化工、机械工业、电子产业、核工业,但细分下来,只有实现耐火材料、导电材料、耐磨材料、润滑剂、耐高温密封材料、耐腐蚀材料、隔热材料、吸附材料、摩擦材料和防辐射材料的系列化生产,并完善成套技术,才能实现原材料领域有效供给、与相关产业的升级有效对接。

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