新闻 > 经济
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China

个税改革在即 个人养老账户税收抵扣已迫在眉睫

2016-10-28 07:08:53   人民网-金融频道

有效应对我国人口老龄化,事关国家发展全局,事关亿万百姓福祉。然而,业界和学界寄予厚望的养老体系第三支柱——“个人储蓄养老”却一直发展滞后。其中一个重要原因在于税收制度的约束,即税收优惠政策迟迟不能出台。专家认为,当前个税改革是发展中国养老保障“个人储蓄养老”建设的重要窗口期。

养老金三大支柱失衡 基本养老保险“独木难支”

国际普遍的养老金体系大致分三部分:政府主导的公共养老保险是第一支柱,大多采用现收现付的筹资模式;雇主建立的补充养老计划是第二支柱,采用基金积累的筹资模式;自我积累的个人储蓄型养老计划是第三支柱。

与之相同的是,二十年前左右,我国对养老体系已提出了“养老三支柱”的顶层设计,即第一支柱的基本养老保险,第二支柱的企业年金(职业年金),第三支柱的个人储蓄养老账户。

事实上,从目前来看,养老三支柱发展并不均衡,政府主导的、作为养老金制度主体的城镇职工基本养老保险“一支独大”,挤压了第二支柱和第三支柱的发展。由于基本养老金缴费比例过高以及缺乏税收优惠激励,企业年金发展缓慢,而个人储蓄养老账户更是没有建立。

央行金融研究所前所长、大成基金首席经济学家姚余栋在接受采访时介绍,中国现在的养老资金中第一支柱中国大概是3.1万亿元人民币,美国是2.8万亿美元;第二支柱中国是0.77万亿元人民币,美国是15万亿美元;第三支柱中国还没开始,美国是7.44万亿美元。中国三大支柱合计为3.87万亿元人民币,但主要还是靠第一支柱。

然而,被称作是第一支柱的基本养老保险,也面临着在筹资端和替代率端的双重挤压。

在2016年5月1日之前,我国由企业和个人共同承担的基本养老保险缴费率为28%,在全球处于高位。中国养老金融50人论坛(CAFF50)指出,从世界范围来看,OECD国家公共养老金缴费率平均水平在20%左右,我国公共养老金名义缴费率偏高。

虽然,5月1日后,各地实行阶段性降低企业职工基本养老保险单位缴费比例,由之前的20%降至19%,个人缴费比例仍为8%。但在经济下行压力不减的背景下,企业负担加重,基本保险扩大覆盖面的空间接近用尽,第一支柱筹资端存在着较大的压力。

从支出端来看,CAFF50秘书长、中国人民大学公共管理学院教授董克用的研究显示,在制度建立之初,基本养老保险替代率,即退休后可以获得的养老金占退休前工资的比例,维持在70%左右。然而2000年以后,基本养老保险替代率持续下降,从1997年的70.79%下降到了2014年的45%。也就是说,退休时的领取的养老金不足退休前工资的一半,已经低于国际劳工组织公约养老金替代率为55%的最低标准。

上一页1/3下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/11155042/20161028/23823609.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/11/28 03:50:59

Powered by China
China