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多地养老金调整方案平均涨6.5% 人社部:体现长缴多得

2016-09-05 09:03:10   央广网

央广网北京9月5日消息(记者张棉棉 何源)据中国之声《新闻纵横》报道,国家统一政策公布之后五个月左右时间,近期,各地养老金发放的另一只靴子终于纷纷落地。目前上海、北京、陕西、云南、辽宁、广西等地已对外公布了养老金具体调整方案,而公布方案较早的上海、北京已率先发放了养老金,部分地区养老金总体涨幅超过了6.5%。各地的养老金调整都采取了哪些办法?养老金“合理调整机制”的建立又该遵循哪些原则?

人社部和财政部日前印发了《关于2016年调整退休人员基本养老金的通知》,决定从今年1月1日开始,提高退休人员基本养老金水平6.5个百分点。由于今年是首次统筹安排机关事业单位与企业退休人员同步调整基本养老金,考虑到多重因素,多数地区养老金发放时间较往年有所延后。现在,各地养老金发放的另一只靴子终于开始逐渐落地。记者了解到,按照国家规定,各地区现在公布的养老金调整方案,普遍采取定额调整、挂钩调整与适当倾斜相结合的调整办法。

人社部新闻发言人李忠表示,定额调整主要是体现公平、挂钩调整主要体现多工作、多缴费、多得养老金的激励机制,可以与缴费年限或者机关事业单位退休人员以前的工作年限挂钩,同时也要与基本养老金水平等因素挂钩,适当倾斜主要是对高龄退休人员和艰苦边远地区的企业退休人员适当倾斜。

广西、云南、辽宁等地在调整方案中已经明确了发放的时间表,要求在9月底前将养老金发放到退休人员手中。其中,广西养老金上调每人每月增加50元,云南每人每月增加30元,并与本人缴费年限和基本养老金水平挂钩。在北京8月份新推出的养老金方案中,企业退休人员养老金提高到平均每月3573元,较之前多了218元,而且从今年1月1日补发。北京市人社局职工养老保险处处长李勇介绍,采取的和缴费年限挂钩,更多的是体现多缴多得,或者叫长缴多得。

统计显示,政策全面铺开后,预计将有8500多万企业退休人员、1700多万机关事业单位退休人员受益,共将惠及1亿多退休人员。从2005年开始,我国已连续11年上调企业退休人员养老金。对很多即将步入中老年的市民来说,早已习惯了这种养老金增长的节奏,然而,最新公布的数据却显示,此次上调为12年来首次低于10%,上调6.5%,这让很多人都感到非常忧虑。

中国社会保障研究中心主任褚福灵分析,正是由于物价仍在上涨,所以我们的养老金也还在增长过程中,在过去相当长的一段时间,经济增长都在10%以上,工资的增长也在10%以上,养老金的调整水平也比较高。但是值得关注的是,经济增速同样在放缓,我国的经济正在经历着由高速发展步入中高速发展的新常态,所以养老金的上调额度有所减少也在情理之中。

随着2014年“双轨制”的废除,机关事业单位退休人员的养老金,开始与企业按照相同的办法,由国家统一调整。人社部社会保障研究所所长金维刚表示,随着机关事业单位养老保险制度的改革,将来机关事业单位和企业退休人员的养老金待遇差将会逐步缩小,今后机关事业单位和企业基本同步调整,幅度大致相当,避免过去由于双轨制导致的待遇差延续。

养老金的上调随之而来的是不断增大的养老保险基金收支压力,今年的财政预算报告显示,伴随着6.5%的增幅,中央对地方养老金的转移支付也在大幅增加。金维刚认为,正如“十三五”规划建议中所提出的,需要建立基本养老金的合理调整机制,基金收支上确实存在长期平衡的问题。

褚福灵表示,基本养老金的调整,不仅直接关系到部分人的切身利益,更关系整个社保制度的可持续性。未来我们要建立一个正常的调整机制。这个 “合理机制”的建立,需要遵循保障基本生活、分享发展成果、确保基金可负担等几方面的原则。

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