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食药监总局盘点8月食药谣言 食物相克、饮料成重灾区

2017-09-21 18:12:13   中国经济网

经济日报-中国经济网北京9月21日讯 食药谣言已经成为网络虚假信息的重灾区。这些谣言通常使用耸人听闻的夸张词汇,而且还不断变异死灰复燃,令人防不胜防。近日,国家食品药品监督管理总局发布了《8月五大食药谣言盘点》,并为大家传授了破谣秘籍。

谣言一:“上海和杭州禁止学生饮用纯净水”

纯净水是用反渗透方式或蒸馏方式制备的,是去除了绝大多数杂质的水,可以放心喝。水并不是人体钙质等矿物质、微量元素的主要来源,所以无论水中有或者没有,对于满足人体的营养需求影响不大。至于“长饮纯净水导致细胞矿物质流失,导致骨质疏松说法”也是无稽之谈,导致钙流失的主要是年龄、激素水平和膳食摄入等因素。 而且,纯净水在发达国家和地区的普及率很高,人们在日常生活中一般都是直接喝纯净水。网传文章列出的“上海市教委规定少儿停饮纯水”报道,实际上是1999年的旧闻了,彼时上海出台此建议是因为纯净水市场混乱,质量得不到保障。此次旧闻重提是净水器商家营销之用。

 谣言二:葡萄上的白霜是农药残留

葡萄表面的“白霜”既不是农药,也不是葡萄糖,而是葡萄表皮上的蜡质。这种蜡质是葡萄本身产生的、附着在葡萄皮上的,主要是为了防止水分的蒸发,同时还能抵御病菌的侵染。它不溶于水 ,对人体健康也无害,所以没有必要洗掉。称“白霜”是农药完全是无稽之谈。

 谣言三:大枣与虾皮同吃会中毒

海产品中微量的无机砷很快就会被代谢出去,不会和红枣里的维C产生中毒剂量的砒霜。实际上“食物相克”的说法并不靠谱,食物不洁、饮食过量、体质过敏等都会导致少数人出现腹泻、皮肤发痒等不良反应。因为过去缺乏对因果关系的思考和验证,人们把相关性现象归纳为普遍规律,造成了大量谣言的产生。

 谣言四:榴莲和牛奶同吃会咖啡因中毒

首先,牛奶和榴莲中都不含咖啡因,两者混吃会导致咖啡因中毒明显是无中生有。另外,即使是能引起血压升高的急性咖啡因中毒,也需要短时间内摄入超大剂量,我们日常生活中的正常饮食是不可能发生这种情况的。

谣言五:奶茶导致男性不育

“奶茶杀精致不育”的说法已经流传了很多年了,但这一说法夸大其词,存在误导。据食品专家云无心介绍,“珍珠奶茶”等用奶精调制的饮料里可能含有反式脂肪酸(只要避免使用氢化油就不会存在这个问题),一些流行病学调查显示反式脂肪酸摄入量高的人群,精子数量与活力要低一些。但这只是流行病学调查,表明二者相关,并不能证明是反式脂肪酸导致精子活力低,而不是反式脂肪酸摄入量高的人群的其他特征导致精子活力低。

食药监总局表示,这些谣言或是旧谣换新装,翻炒旧闻、恶意抹黑,或是利用人们的恐惧心理。很多谣言“看上去像真的”,就会被大家轻易相信。对这类谣言只要多思考、多查证,谣言即可破解。另一些为了恶意抹黑而制造出的谣言,如“明令禁止中小学生饮用纯净水”则是不良商家为了宣传自己的净水器炮制而出的。食药监总局表示,应严厉打击这类违法行为,防止真相成为恶性竞争的牺牲品。

另外,食药监总局还提示消费者,不要相信食物相克的谣言,权威机构试验结果表明,没有任何一组传说的相克食物会引起身体异常。“所谓的食物相克引发的不适很可能是机缘巧合,然后被某些报道无限夸大,用科学的外衣试图去解释,结果变成了搭配禁忌,从而被坊间误认为食物相克。”

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