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媒体:印度陆军改革触及贪腐重灾区 或草草收场

2017-09-20 02:13:05   参考消息网

(原标题:触及贪腐重灾区!印度陆军改革遭遇“拦路虎”或草草收场)

资料图:印度边防部队。

参考消息网9月20日报道 8月30日,中印洞朗对峙结束两天后,印度国防部即宣布将在未来28个月对兵力高达120万的该国陆军进行一场全面的组织架构改革,以强化陆军战斗力、优化陆军资源并提升陆军整体效率。印度前任国防部长贾伊特利表示,这项“影响深远”的改革旨在提升陆军战斗力量与后勤力量的“齿尾比”(tooth-to-tail ratio),提高战斗部队比例,降低所需要的后勤人员数量。印媒称此次改革系印度独立后陆军首次也是规模最大的一次组织架构改革。

改革内容冗杂

2016年,印度国防部成立了一个谢卡特卡尔中将牵头的11人委员会以研究如何提高印军战斗力以及平衡印度国防预算等问题。2016年12月,该委员会提交了188项有关印军改革的建议。印度国防部采纳了其中的99项。关于陆军的65项改革作为改革第一阶段将在此次军改中予以正式实施。预计改革第一阶段将在2019年12月31日完成,届时印度陆军将有4.0525万名军官和115万士兵。此外,其余涉及海军空军的34项也将随后按计划启动。如果第一阶段军改得以顺利进行,将令印度节省高达2500亿卢比的国防预算(约折合40亿美元)。

第一阶段军改主要涉及以下主要内容:(一)重新调整和部署5.7万名军官、初级军官、普通士兵以及文职人员的岗位,使其承担作战任务;(二)优化陆军信号部队机构。合并无线电监测公司,空中编队信号团,集团军空中支援信号团,合成信号团,以及集团军作战和工程信号团。印度军中的“信号团”,相当于解放军通讯营,主要负责通信等任务;(三)重组陆军维修部队。合并陆军野战部队的基地维修厂,前沿基地维修厂以及车站维修厂;(四)重新部署军械补给站。合并没有运用简化库存管理机制的军车补给站,中央军械补给站和普通军械补给站;(五)其他改革。其中包括优化补给和运输部队,关闭在非作战区的陆军邮政设施和军队农场,提高陆军文职人员和司机的招聘标准以及提升“国民志愿服务团”(一个狂热的、带有军事色彩的印度教教派团体)的效率。

推进困难重重

官僚主义作风和体制严重阻碍印军改革的推进。印度独立后实行文官治军的国防体制。印度文官政府始终担心军人干政,形成了文官控制军队的治军传统。在这种治军体制下,文官与军队互相牵制,相互扯皮,这种官僚主义体制使得印军改革举步维艰。其实此次改革中的很多举措都是老生常谈,但是由于印度官僚主义体制和作风的弊端,时至今日这些改革建议才最终成为明文规定。比如上世纪八十年代,克里希纳饶委员会就已经提出废除担架者和动物运输部队以优化补给和运输部队。此外,印陆军早在2012至2013年便已经提出关闭军事农场的方案。这些方案被拖延了数年甚至数十年后才得以实施,可以肯定的是在实施过程中它们也必将再次受到体制的掣肘,有可能最终又不了了之。

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