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世卫组织警告:耐药性威胁导致全球抗生素频临枯竭

2017-09-21 12:04:19   中国经济网

经济日报-中国经济网纽约9月21日讯(记者朱旌 汪璐)世界卫生组织9月20日发布的《临床开发中的抗菌剂:关于抗菌剂(含抗结核药)的临床开发分析》报告指出,目前新抗生素的研发严重不足,难以应对日益增长的抗生素耐药性威胁。报告警告说,全球抗生素正频临枯竭。

报告指出,抗微生物药物耐药性已严重危害现代医学的进展,目前迫切需要更多地加大对抗生素耐药感染(包括结核病)研究与开发的投资,否则世界将被迫回到因常见感染而导致小手术致人死亡的年代。报告指出,全球制药公司和研究人员必须立即关注能治疗某些可在几天内导致患者死亡的严重感染的新抗生素。

报告指出,目前进入临床阶段的大多数药物对现有抗生素类型进行的修复,只是短期的解决方案。而对于世卫组织确定会构成最大健康威胁的抗生素耐药感染,包括每年导致约25万人死亡的耐药性结核病,潜在的有效治疗方案则很少。除了耐多药的结核病外,世卫组织还确定了12种重点病原体,其中一些可引起常见感染(如肺炎或尿路感染),它们对现有抗生素的耐药性越来越强,迫切需要研发新的治疗药物。

报告还确认了临床开发中有51种新抗生素和生物制剂,可以治疗具有抗生素耐药的重点病原体及结核病和有时致命的腹泻感染。然而,在所有这些候选药物中,世卫组织只将8个列为创新型的治疗药物,这难以应对扩增当前的抗生素治疗储备的需要。

报告强调,我们在结核病的研究和治疗方面依然严重不足。70多年来,只有两种治疗耐药性结核病的新抗生素进入市场。如果要终结结核病,每年全球急需投入8亿多美元来研究新的抗结核药物。

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