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从“不可能”到成功:中欧铁路货运成为连接世界的纽带

2017-09-15 17:31:42   

图片来源:视觉中国

中国日报网9月15日电 来自中国不同地区的“中欧班列”早已悄然横贯欧亚大陆。跨越亚欧大陆桥的中欧班列,成为领跑“一带一路”的经济新引擎。

9月14日,《经济学人》刊登题为《中欧新铁路线将改变贸易模式》的文章。报道指出,2016年中欧铁路运载货物的重量是2013年的5倍,可以看到的是,中欧铁路货运发展迅速,正在帮助欧洲和中国西部外贸企业降低成本。

以下是报道主要内容:

中国“一带一路”倡议获支持 “霍尔果斯-东大门”解决中欧铁路运输难题

2013年,中欧铁路货运量微不足道,而去年这一数值则增长至50万吨以上。这一增长归功于中国的“一带一路”倡议,以及包括哈萨克斯坦在内的国家对此倡议的大力支持。

哈萨克斯坦的阿斯塔纳是世界上最偏远的首都之一。但是现在,一条将货物经由阿斯塔纳从中国运往欧洲的繁忙铁路,增加了阿斯塔纳与世界的连接。

建设中欧铁路运输网络是中国“一带一路”政策的重要一环,并得到了来自其他国家的积极响应。自2011年以来,哈萨克斯坦花费超过1.1万亿坚戈(32亿美元)来升级铁路和轨道车辆。其中一个项目是使用 2.5亿美元来建设“霍尔果斯-东大门”无水港。在这里,中国火车上的集装箱被转移至哈萨克斯坦火车,以解决阻碍中欧铁路运输的问题之一,即各国的轨道宽度不同。

中欧铁路货运量增长迅速 中欧企业共同受惠

2016年,中欧铁路运载货物的重量是2013年的5倍。今年上半年,中欧铁路运载货物的价值同比增加144%。

中欧铁路货运量增长的背后是中欧企业的共同受惠。

中欧铁路运输的建设为中国西部开辟了一条通往欧洲市场的新路线,降低了货物从中国西部出口的运输成本。这条穿过中亚的新路线大大缩短了中欧货运路程:之前体积过大不能通过苏伊士运河的货船必须航行2.4万千米才能到达欧洲,而如今,火车只需要行驶不到1.1万千米就能到达。

铁路运输专家罗纳德•克莱伊韦格特(Ronald Kleijwegt)表示,欧洲企业十分欢迎中欧铁路货运,因为这帮助他们降低了成本。例如,对于消费者希望尽快拿到手的高科技的电子设备,从中国沿海制造并空运到欧洲的成本极高,而中欧铁路货运则有助于在保持备货速度的同时降低成本。

中欧班列每年将运输300万个集装箱

哈萨克斯坦的国家铁路公司(KTZ)表示,到2020年,该公司的运力将能保证170万个集装箱每年经由哈撒克斯坦完成中欧铁路运输。这一数量是当前通过海运和空运实现的中欧货运量的十分之一。从长远来看,现有的三条中欧铁路运输通道完全现代化后,中欧班列每年将能运载300万个集装箱。

中欧铁路运输发展至今,没有人能否认中欧铁路运输已经取得快速长足的发展。罗纳德表示:“仅在十年之前,人们还认为中欧之间的货运列车只是不可能的笑谈。而现在,没有人敢再嘲笑了。”

(编辑:田阿萌 编译:周兰序)

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