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“9·11”十六年:美国民众拾回昔日安全感了吗?

2017-09-12 08:58:21   

16年前的9月11日,恐怖分子劫持两架民航客机,撞塌美国世贸中心双子塔,约3000人在袭击事件中丧生。自此,反恐成为美国常态。

16年过去,美国人发现,反恐陷入僵局,漫漫未有穷期。特朗普曾用让“美国重返安全”的口号吸引大批追随者。而今天,美国民众是否拾回昔日的安全感?

美反恐陋习不改 难逃"越反越恐"怪圈

9·11”事件以来,美国在反恐方面投入巨大。以色列《耶路撒冷邮报》为此算了一笔账,十六年,几场战争,三位美国总统,6928名美国士兵丧生、100万人受伤,数万亿美元的花费,还有41名犯人被关在关塔那摩。

资料图:被袭的世界贸易中心双子塔中的一座倒塌后,涌出滚滚浓烟。

就以阿富汗战争为例,作为美国历史上耗时最长的战争,16年前,美国以“反恐”之名发起。16年间,花费8000多亿美元,超过2200名士兵在阿富汗牺牲。2011年底,美国终于开始撤军,但随着塔利班再度壮大,以及极端组织“伊斯兰国”在中东崛起,撤军的步伐一再放缓。就在上个月,特朗普宣布:美国将继续增兵阿富汗,战争还要打,直到打赢为止。

“9·11”遇害人格雷格的家人在给《纽约时报》的邮件中写到:“政府对于恐袭的反应只会让我们感觉更糟糕。我认为我们的政府正朝着暴力复仇的方向前进,我们的儿子死于一种不人道的意识形态。我们的行动不应达到同样的目的。我们应该对恐怖主义国家有一个更加理性的反应,给我们的世界带来真正的和平与正义。而不是让我们的国家增添一份这个时代的不人道主义。”

事实上,过去几十年间,美国对外政策一大基石是“军事手段为首”。但美国在军事“破坏”的同时,缺乏后续外交“重建”努力。美国智库“国际政策中心”高级研究员马修·侯赫说,所有被美国干预过内政的国家,包括利比亚、伊拉克、也门和阿富汗等,都无一例外地发生动荡。

从目前来看,特朗普政府也没能摆脱美国长久以来重军事、轻外交的反恐陋习。美国专家认为,如果这一反恐政策“硬伤”不改,美国将难以逃出“越反越恐”的怪圈。

反恐16年:美民众更没安全感

“打不完”的战争,让越来越多的美国人感到疲惫,人们也不断反思,“9·11”事件16年后,美国如今是否变得更加安全?

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