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史诗级飓风“艾尔玛”袭击佛罗里达 百万人口被警告撤离

2017-09-10 15:47:39   央广网

飓风“艾尔玛”的动向,引起了各方的关注。连日来,为了搜集“艾尔玛”的准确数据,一些被称作“飓风猎人”的人多次驾驶飞机,穿越“艾尔玛”上空,并记录下了“艾尔玛”的各项数据。

媒体公布的一段视频显示,一架飞机当时正在“艾尔玛”上空奉行,“艾尔玛”的风眼成巨大的漩涡状,周围到处都是厚厚的云层,路透社记者在8日和9日也跟随美国空军的飞机穿越“厄玛”上空,飞抵风眼附近,当时驾驶飞机的美国空军预备役军官吉姆是一名经验丰富的飓风猎人,在过去20多年间,曾穿越过40到50场飓风,吉姆称他之前从未经历过如此强烈的飓风。

一般来说风眼是飓风中心的平静区域,风眼周围的环状云区域被称为风眼墙,那里的风力通常是最强的,吉姆说穿越飓风眼墙的过程就跟去洗车店里洗车一样,眼前一片模糊。虽然目前通过卫星来对飓风等天气现象进行观测的技术日趋成熟,可以对飓风的规模和强度进行观测,但对于飓风最大风速、压力、风向等精确信息仍需要依靠安装有专业仪器的飞机进行近距离观测。

专家称未来有望通过无人机来取代飓风猎人,完成这项带有危险性的飓风观测工作,但实现这一目标或许需要较长时间。

超强飓风即将登陆佛罗里达州,让生活在这里的人们不禁想起了25年前那场席卷了佛罗里达、巴哈马群岛和路易斯安那的飓风“安德鲁”。佛州当地居民乔伊麦克雷回忆,“25年前的飓风太恐怖了,真的太恐怖了,就像他们说的,就感觉一辆火车极速穿过房屋,我们从一个房间跑到另一个房间,就像有人在追赶我们,太恐怖了;等到第二天停下来,发现连屋顶都没有了,没办法,你只能看着天空。”

当年飓风“安德鲁”造成27人死亡,近8万人背井离乡,经济损失265亿美元。 而“艾尔玛”一路向西,横冲直撞,风速提升到每小时185英里(约合295公里),这种强度持续了33小时之久,是自20世纪70年代有卫星监测以来时间最长的一次。

在超强飓风“艾尔玛”直奔美国佛罗里达州的同时,在8号已经升级为四级强度飓风的“何塞”又紧随其后。气象专家指出,这是大西洋海面上,有史以来首度出现两个风速超过每小时150海里的飓风同时存在。而飓风“何塞”行进路线与飓风“艾尔玛”也大致相同。

中国国际广播电台驻美国记者赵新宇介绍,飓风“何塞”已经升级到四级,不好的消息是此前有预测说“何塞”不会登录,但最新预测显示“何塞”似乎要步“艾尔玛”的后尘,即便路线稍有不同,但此前被“艾尔玛”重创的加勒比海岛仍会再次受到飓风“何塞”不同程度的洗礼,不少海岛90%以上的建筑、基础设施都已经被摧毁,食物、饮水、供电均短缺,第二场飓风在即,救援工作也无法开展。不过气象部门预测,飓风“何塞”的后续力量不足,将逐步降低为热带风暴。

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