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探索建立四项机制完善未成年人刑事案件审查

2017-09-08 08:18:13   中国青年网

近年来,江苏省泗洪县检察院积极探索未成年人刑事案件审查新模式,以建立前置核查诉讼权利保障情况、全面收集品格事实证据材料等四项机制为核心,努力做好此类案件审查工作,切实保障涉案未成年人合法权益。

前置核查诉讼权利保障情况。对案件实体审查前,先核查未成年人特别诉讼程序在侦查阶段的落实情况。一是权利义务告知时进行问卷式调查。制作涉案未成年人诉讼权益保障情况核查表,受案三日内连同权利义务告知书一并送达犯罪嫌疑人及其法定代理人,初步核查侦查阶段诉讼权利保障情况。二是首次提讯时进行面对面核查。在第一次讯问时先告知涉案未成年人侦查阶段享有的诉讼权利,对问卷核查表中反映的忽视未成年人诉讼权利问题进行全面核实。三是及时纠正不规范侦查行为。针对发现的侦查机关保障涉案未成年人诉讼权益不到位、不规范问题,及时提出纠正意见要求整改补救。

全面收集品格事实证据材料。与公安机关联合出台意见,将社会调查、心理疏导等“自选动作”转换为“规定动作”。一是推动公安机关开展专业心理疏导。公安机关在看守所建成标准化未成年人心理疏导室,在立案后5日内组织专业心理咨询师对未成年人开展心理测评与疏导,并提交书面报告。二是单独立卷移送品格调查材料。将社会调查和心理疏导报告作为影响案件审查处理的“证据材料”进行审查,推动公安机关将社会调查报告和心理测评报告等材料单独收集形成品格调查卷,作为移送审查的必备材料。三是规范品格证据的收集和审查。对社会调查、心理疏导的主体、程序、内容以及调查意见的依据进行全面审查,判定未成年人品格及监护矫正条件等事实。对社会调查、心理疏导不规范的,在保障诉讼进程的基础上,退回公安机关补充调查测评或者自行开展调查测评工作。

强化释法说理督促认罪悔罪。加大对涉案未成年人认罪悔罪的督促力度,及时化解社会矛盾。一是首次讯问必须开展法治警示教育工作。要求承办人第一次讯问时必须制订法治教育提纲,对涉案未成年人及其法定代理人开展释法说理、法治宣传工作,督促其认清犯罪行为的危害,促使其认罪悔罪。二是协调开展刑事和解。针对未成年人共同犯罪案件中,赔偿损失的主体相互推诿、难以达成一致意见问题,在审查时协调开展刑事和解工作,督促未成年人法定代理人赔偿被害人损失。三是明确量刑证据全面审查规则。在审查报告中必须就涉案未成年人是否具有自首、立功等法定从轻、减轻处罚情节以及是否向被害人赔礼道歉、积极退赃、赔偿损失等酌定情节进行全面分析,并作出调整量刑幅度的说明。

深化实化附条件不起诉帮教考察。建立社会化考察帮教体系,厘清帮教考察、审查监督职责分工。一是依托公益组织开展考察帮教。与有关公益组织约定,每两周组织考察对象开展一次帮教活动,每三个月组织一次考察,考验期满后将考察帮教协议、工作记录、考察报告等提交检察机关。二是注重审查帮教考察意见。通过向未成年人及其监护人、所在学校、基层组织调查了解等方式,审查公益组织出具的考察意见是否客观公正,对考察意见客观公正性不足、无正当理由无法补充完善的,不予采纳。三是加强对监护人的履职监督。要求监护人定期报告涉案未成年人平时表现,监护情况报告与公益组织考察记录存在较大不一致、经核实监护人无法提供有效监护的,责令重新提供监护人选。

(作者为江苏省泗洪县人民检察院检察长)

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