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相约茶卡 乘坐星空小火车探秘“夜空之镜”

2017-09-07 15:41:45   央广网

茶卡盐湖-夜空之镜。

星空除了仰视还可以俯视吗?这个可以有。 金秋银河落盐湖,走进夜空之镜,采摘满湖的星星。

繁华的城市灯光和漫天闪耀的星辰成为一对冤家,在城市灯光的包围中,仰望银河中的璀璨繁星成为都市人的奢求。如何欣赏我们头顶的星空美景,是一门古老而浪漫的学问,时至今日,我们又该去哪里仰望中国天穹灿烂的星空呢?

浪漫和奇迹,总会属于不断前行的追寻者。摄影师们一直在寻找一个观星空最美的地方,中国仰望星空的地方很多,但能俯视星空的地方却很难找到。

2014年9月,《中国国家地理》解密中国最美“夜空之镜”,夜晚的茶卡盐湖如镜,星轨如丝,令人惊艳的“运动繁星”群像得到了最多的赞赏,它呈现出了一种崭新的,欣赏星光之美的方式,并当选《中国国家地理》的封面。

茶卡盐湖作为中国最美“夜空之镜”发布在《中国国家地理》封面之后,来自全国各地的摄影爱好者和观星爱好者不断涌向茶卡盐湖。茶卡盐湖的星空可以不用仰望,星光就在身旁,或者可以俯视。

茶卡盐湖缘何成为中国最美的“夜空之镜”?

茶卡盐湖位于青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州乌兰县茶卡镇,距离青海省省会西宁298公里,为柴达木盆地东大门,北依巍峨的完颜通布山,南靠旺秀山,盐湖四周茫茫草原,牛羊成群,雪山、草原、盐湖勾勒出一幅壮美的画卷。

茶卡盐湖,中国大青盐的故乡,面积105平方公里,已探明的食盐总储量约为4.5亿吨,盐湖中的卤水矿化度达到322克/升,相对密度超过1.2,位列世界上最咸和密度最高的湖水之列。

白天,湛蓝的天和洁白的云彩倒映在湖面上,人在湖间走,宛在画中游,茶卡盐湖被誉为“天空之镜”,从2015年至今已吸引了全国各地的500多万名游客。

夜色来临,北纬36度的茶卡盐湖上空星光明亮而灿烂,银河仿佛从天空倾倒而下,落入湖面。盐湖如镜,银河与繁星的倒影清晰、稳定,站在如镜面的盐湖中,四周与脚下星光闪烁。偶尔微风吹过水面,水中的星光倒影如烛火般跳跃闪动。走在茶卡盐湖,头上繁星点点,脚下星空漫漫,如梦如幻,人似乎站在了宇宙的中央。

高海拔是茶卡盐湖另一个有利因素——这并非是为了拉近与星空的距离,数千米的高度在天文尺度上是微不足道的。海拔越高,空气越稀薄,含有的烟雾、尘埃和水蒸气也越少,对星空的影响也就越小;茶卡盐湖3059米的海拔虽然算不上登峰造极,但已经接近平流层厚度的三分之一,足以规避掉很多低层大气的干扰。

拍摄星空最佳时间为什么是秋季

1.经过夏天雨季的集中“冲刷”之后,空气中的颗粒物沉降效果明显,大气中的尘埃杂质微粒大为减少,使大气透明度大大提高。而秋季空气在高压下沉气流控制之下,也抑制了污染物的上升运动。因此,秋天的大气在四季中最为纯净,空气最为清新。秋季不仅能见度好,天空也更加湛蓝。据瑞利散射定律,由于尘埃等较粗的微粒及小水滴的减少,使天空中波长较短的蓝紫光比例明显增多,故而秋季的天空更蓝、更高远。

2.秋季的天空较有特点,可以总结为“飞马当空,银河斜挂”,亮星比较少。秋季星空中的星座多为:仙女座、英仙座、飞马座、鲸鱼座、仙王座、仙后座。在偏东方向的是飞马座,飞马座东北方向呈一字型的星座就是仙女座,仙女座的北面就是仙后座,仙后座的西面就是仙王座,仙后座的东面就是英仙座。仙女座有一个大的星系——仙女座大星云,该星云是一个比银河系还要大得多的星系,同时还是北半球中距离我们最近的一个星系。

温馨提示

茶卡盐湖早晚温差大,拍摄星空时一定要带好秋衣秋裤,如果长时间拍摄星空,最好准备羽绒服。

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