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防沙治沙 中国与世界同行

2017-09-07 10:52:20   国际在线

国际在线消息(记者 张威伟 闫伟):9月6日,“联合国防治荒漠化公约第13次缔约方大会”在中国内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市召开,吸引了来自196个缔约方、20多个国际组织的2000多名代表与会。本次大会以“携手防治荒漠,共谋人类福祉”为主题,主要任务是落实可持续发展议程,制定《公约》新战略框架,确认实现土地退化零增长目标并筹集资金支持。大会的召开,充分体现了中国履行荒漠化防治责任和义务的积极态度,表达了中国愿与国际社会共同努力、全力推进全球荒漠化防治的良好愿望。

几十年来,世界许多国家为防治荒漠化进行了各种努力,取得了巨大成就。但与此同时,由于受气候变化、人口增长以及人类对土地、森林及水资源不断增长的开发利用等多重因素影响,全球防治荒漠化治理的形势依然十分严峻,直到今天荒漠化依然威胁着世界三分之二国家和地区、五分之一人口的生存和发展。

作为世界遭受荒漠化威胁最严重的国家之一,中国始终以积极的态度加以应对,不但在1994年以缔约国身份加入了《联合国防治荒漠化公约》,在2001年通过了《中华人民共和国防沙治沙法》,还在治沙实践过程中因地制宜,系统治理,取得显著成效,2000-2014年实现了连续十几年荒漠化土地面积净减少以及荒漠化程度的减轻。近年来,中国推进落实“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”可持续发展理念,走出了一条生态建设与经济发展并重、治沙与治穷共同推进的中国特色荒漠化防治道路。获得联合国环境规划署全球环境500佳称号的宁夏中卫沙坡头、新疆和田和赤峰敖汉都是治沙与发展并重的典范。

中卫市沙坡头区宣和镇敬农村多年前曾是一片杳无人烟的沙地。后为响应国家封山育林政策的要求,当地政府在此设立了移民区,但沙化土壤的问题一直没有得到有效解决。2015年11月,宁夏弘兴达果业有限公司派出一支百人大军进驻敬农村,就此拉开了当地治理沙石化土地的序幕。

据公司负责人王小亮介绍,这支治沙队伍采取了开荒造林、引水灌溉,以及扎草方格、种植苜蓿等多项措施,使沙化的土地被固定下来,项目区得到了蓬勃发展。目前,公司已在当地种植果树苗达30万株,种植面积3000亩。项目的实施不仅改变了当地沙石化的生态环境,还因种植矮砧密植有机苹果,产生了很好的社会和经济效益。王小亮说:“我们企业的规模化建设吸纳带动了周边移民的经果林种植,包括果箱包装业、汽车运输业、以及养殖业,做到了一二三产业的融合发展。我们园区每年的用工量达到2万人次,几乎每天能解决300人次的劳动力,为周边的农民增收1000多万元,非常有效地促进了区域经济发展,对我们南山台子地区优质高效栽培技术的示范区推广具有极大的带动作用。”

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