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以信息公开进一步提升慈善公信力

2017-09-07 09:36:47   央广网

《中华人民共和国慈善法》已经正式施行一周年。日前,民政部通过公开遴选指定首批互联网公开募捐信息平台,上线运行全国慈善信息公开平台“慈善中国”和全国志愿服务信息系统。根据“慈善中国”数据,截至9月5日,各级民政部门共认定和登记慈善组织2142家,其中给予公开募捐资格的有520家;慈善信托备案38件,信托规模近8.6亿元。

“开门立法”的慈善法广纳各界意见,一个突出亮点是扩展了慈善范围。传统意义上的慈善主要是指扶贫济困救灾等“小慈善”,而基于现代慈善理念的“大慈善”,是指一切促进教育、科学、文化、卫生、体育等事业发展,保护环境等有利于社会公共利益的活动。从概念的变化出发,不仅对慈善信托、慈善捐赠、慈善财产等单独设立章节,明确慈善“靠政府也靠大家”,还在行动上开放慈善组织的登记和认定门槛。比如新法规定基金会、社会团体、社会服务机构等组织形式都可认定为慈善组织,不再强制业务主管部门。同时,新法开放了公开募捐资格,以往红十字会、慈善会和公募基金会等才拥有的公募资格,现在慈善组织依法登记满两年后就可申请,520家的资格发放也足以说明需求之大。

事实证明,慈善法对激发人人向善的社会氛围作出了卓越贡献。首先,慈善组织募捐能力明显提升。如前不久火爆朋友圈的“一元购画”公益活动,不到一天时间就筹到了1500万元,而且还改变了人们对爱心慈善的认识。随着民政部指定13家“互联网募捐信息平台”,其筹款能力无疑将进一步加强。第二,慈善活动形式更加多样化。特别是借助于“互联网+”,人人都可以零距离参与公益。据不完全统计,慈善法实施一年来,超过10亿人次通过网络实施捐赠,有些基金会来自互联网的公众捐赠已占捐赠总收入80%以上。第三,以社会化为导向的慈善服务实践不断深化。目前全国志愿服务信息系统中实名注册志愿者已达5000万人,注册团体45万个,发布志愿服务项目超过96万个,志愿者服务正不断提升。

尽管我国慈善事业发展取得了长足进步,但梳理慈善法实施一年来的情况,依然能发现一些新问题、新挑战。首先,新法明确慈善募捐是慈善组织的专属活动,对于网络募捐、个人求助行为“不禁止、不调整”,但结合新近发生的一些网络事件来看,依然有监管必要。因此民政部今年相继公布《慈善组织互联网公开募捐信息平台基本技术规范》和《慈善组织互联网公开募捐信息平台基本管理规范》,明确网络求助行为不属于慈善募捐。其次,慈善组织的诚信问题依然受到社会强烈关注,由此需要进一步加强慈善组织的信息公开,提高透明度。目前,民政部已上线“慈善中国”等公开平台,用来展示慈善组织的相关信息。但要充分保障捐赠人、社会公众的知情权和监督权,慈善组织还要用更细致的方式回应社会要求。比如定期向社会公开其募捐情况和慈善项目实施情况,特别是筹得钱物的使用和去向问题。

当前,我国慈善事业正迎来新的发展阶段,要开创“以法兴善、全民慈善”的良好局面,需要我们继续贯彻落实慈善法,进一步发挥慈善组织作用,扩大慈善服务社会参与。特别是严格按照慈善法的要求落实信息公开,通过阳光运行提升慈善组织公信力。

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