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撂荒地变成高产田

2017-09-07 08:41:46   中国青年网

本报记者 吴莎莎

榆林横山区无定河边,微风掠过饱满低垂的水稻,“激起”千层稻浪,风景美若江南水乡。9月5日,横山区富士水稻机械化生产专业合作社理事长乔俊红正在查看稻田里螃蟹的生长情况。经过10年发展,该合作社从2007年成立之初水稻种植面积从600多亩发展到目前的1.1万亩,种植面积扩大了不止18倍。

无定河流经陕北横山近百公里,无定河两岸自古以来水草肥美、土壤肥沃,每到秋季稻浪滚滚、稻谷飘香。但因水稻种植投入大、产值小、效益低,大量稻田撂荒。到2011年,水稻种植面积仅剩3000余亩,8万多亩肥沃稻田变成了烂泥滩。

针对土地撂荒问题,横山区在无定河沿岸探索出了土地流转的新模式,让农村土地迸发出新活力。通过流转,今年横山区水稻种植面积已经增加到4.5万亩,稻田养蟹5000亩,水稻产量2.25万吨,撂荒的烂泥滩“华丽转身”,变成高产田。

1 9个人管万亩田

“合作社种植水稻,稻田里还养了螃蟹,既提升了大米品质,又提高了土地产出。”乔俊红告诉记者,生长于无定河畔的他,看见大片稻田撂荒,内心非常着急。2007年,他同横山区响水镇驼燕沟村82户农民筹措资金189万元,注册成立了富士水稻机械化生产专业合作社,开展水稻生产服务。

合作社成立之初,流转村集体的撂荒地,从土地整理入手,对大片田块进行整体规划,通水、通电、通路。同时,还组织合作社成员去国内外考察,引进了配套全程作业机械,以满足规模生产需求。

2013年后,合作社转变土地流转方式,农户以耕地入股加入合作社。合作社的经营模式由服务型转变为生产型,合作社社员收益也由单一的流转收益变成了“20公斤大米的基础收益+5%丰产提成+合作社股权收益”。通过效益带动,越来越多的农民要求加入合作社。

据乔俊红介绍,通过土地流转,合作社建成标准化配套基地,实现了规模化、集约化生产,仅用9个人就能完成1.1万亩稻田的生产管理。

目前,富士水稻机械化生产专业合作社成为无定河流域众多合作社的典型代表,共发展社员2100多人,流转土地从最初的600多亩增加到1.3万亩,水稻种植规模达到1.1万亩,实现了水稻生产过程的全程机械化,亩产可达500公斤到600公斤。同时,合作社不断开拓新市场,启动大米深加工项目,分等级销售,售价在3元至20元。目前,合作社大米的销售地已由横山、榆林扩展到了西安、北京等地。2016年合作社实现销售收入3087.7万元,纯利润400多万元。

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