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伟星股份业绩增长“虚胖”

2017-09-06 17:06:52   中国经济网

数据显示,2016年1-6月,伟星股份上述费用占同期营业收入的比重分别约为8.46%和13.05%。对比之下,2017年1-6月,伟星股份销售费用及管理费用占营收的比重明显下降。

以全年数据计算,2016年,伟星股份销售费用占营业收入的比重由9.77%下降至9.36%,管理费用占营业收入的比重由13.09%下降至12.71%,增速同样低于同期营收增速。

通常情况下,企业的费用增速与公司业绩增速会保持正向相关,通过对伟星股份的数据分析可发现,2016年以来,公司对费用增长似乎有所控制。

跨界转型“遇险”

在2016年年报中,伟星股份曾将应收账款的增长部分归因于合并报表范围的增加。

根据公开资料,2016年6月,伟星股份以发行股份及支付现金相结合的方式收购中捷时代51%股权,交易标的作价1.53亿元。

中捷时代主要从事高端军用卫星导航产品的研发、生产和技术服务,产品主要包括基于北斗二代卫星导航系统的导航终端设备以及核心部件产品(卫星导航接收机、天线、抗干扰处理器等)。与伟星股份的传统业务相比,收购中捷时代称得上是一次跨界尝试。

根据年报数据,2015年和2016年,中捷时代应收账款账面价值分别约为4013万元和8384万元,营业收入分别约为3338万元和5165万元。

经计算,2015年和2016年,中捷时代应收账款账面价值占同期营业收入的比重分别高达120.23%和162.33%。

这意味着,直到2016年年底,中捷时代对2015年产生的大部分应收账款仍未收回。

但正是在此背景下,2016年,伟星股份对中捷时代应收账款坏账准备计提政策做出调整。

根据会计政策变更公告,2016年,中捷时代将1年以内应收账款坏账准备计提比例由5%下调至0.5%,1-2年由10%下调至5%,2-3年由15%下调至10%。

与同行业上市公司相比,中捷时代调整后的坏账准备计提比例明显偏低,公司盈利质量同样令人怀疑。

年报数据显示,2016年,中捷时代1年以内应收账款账面余额约为4958万元,1-2年为3242万元,2-3年账面余额约为411万元。

依照同行业公司标准计提,2016年,中捷时代合计应计提的坏账准备约为645万元,较公司实际计提坏账准备金额增加427万元,约占公司2016年利润总额的20.45%。

需要指出的是,尽管伟星股份为中捷时代做出会计政策调整,中捷时代还是未能完成2016年的业绩承诺。

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