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重型柴油车是此次污染过程主因

2017-09-05 18:56:44   中国青年网

本报讯(记者张航)进入9月,北京出现了一次空气污染过程,今天污染告一段落。市环保监测中心分析,此次污染过程以本地污染为主,其中机动车尤其是重型柴油车是污染主因。

记者从市环保监测中心了解到,今明两天全市空气质量整体良好,但是到周四、周五,还会有一次污染过程“造访”,预计污染程度为轻度到中度污染。今天上午,在冷空气的“助力”下,全市空气质量迅速好转。早上8点,城六区PM2.5浓度还有104微克/立方米,属于轻度污染水平。到了10点,城区PM2.5浓度已经迅速下降至32微克/立方米,改善为一级优水平。

昨天,市环保监测中心分析了进入9月以来的这次污染过程。据介绍,此次污染过程受到一定不利气象条件和区域的影响,但更重要的还是由于北京本地污染排放。从这几天PM2.5的组成来看,硝酸盐占比最大。9月1日和2日硝酸盐在PM2.5组成中分别占比23%与26%,4日至今达到了30%。以4日为例,城区硝酸盐浓度,从凌晨到中午增加了3倍左右,是污染形成的最主要原因。 环保监测中心表示,硝酸盐主要来自于气态氮氧化物的二次转化。目前本市处于非采暖季,这时期气态氮氧化物主要来自机动车的排放。本次污染过程中硝酸盐占比居高不下,反映出静稳条件下机动车污染贡献较大,且有不断增加的趋势,其中机动车排放受柴油大货车影响大。

值得注意的是,从交通站点氮氧化物以及黑炭的监测结果看,夜间浓度往往是白天的2至4倍,进京柴油大货车对空气质量起到重要影响作用;国Ⅲ及以下排放标准的重型柴油车排放的氮氧化物和一次颗粒物可占全市机动车排放总量的50%以上和90%以上。J067

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