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我国 80%三级医院开建医联体

2017-09-03 09:45:56   中国青年网

新华社图表

据新华社电国务院医改办、国家卫计委1日在深圳召开全国医联体建设现场推进会,进一步落实国务院办公厅《关于推进医疗联合体建设和发展的指导意见》。意见要求,2017年10月底前,所有三级公立医院都要启动医联体建设。

记者在会议上了解到,全国8成三级医院已开展多种形式医联体建设,县域内就诊率达82.5%;2017年上半年全国医疗机构下转患者239.6万例次,高于2016年全年水平。

“医联体”脚步声临近,将给百姓就医带来哪些便利?医联体建设的资源共享瓶颈如何破解?

■解读

“医联体”共享瓶颈咋破?

﹃联﹄起来

打破“头重脚轻”、相互割裂

长期以来,我国医疗卫生服务体系存在“头重脚轻”和碎片化之痛:头重脚轻,指优质医疗资源都集中在大医院、大城市,基层医疗服务能力不强,“门可罗雀”;碎片化,指医疗机构之间相互割裂,各管一段,存在服务空白。

解决我国医疗卫生服务体系“头重脚轻”和碎片化之痛,其核心是围绕群众健康需求,落实各级各类医疗机构功能定位,促进优质医疗资源下沉,为居民提供涵盖预防、诊疗、康复、护理等服务在内的一体化、连续性服务,实现从“以疾病为中心”到“以健康为中心”的转变。

《中国卫生政策研究》主编代涛认为,医联体建设将对我国医疗卫生服务体系进行再造、重组。

﹃沉﹄下去

避免“跑马圈地”“嫌贫爱富”

专家介绍,医联体建设还处于起步阶段,一些地方医联体建设存在一些不良倾向:“重形式轻实质”、“重数量轻质量”,有一些地方医联体处于“联而不通”的状态,没有实质性的效益。偏离方向。一些地方甚至出现大医院“虹吸效应”,虹吸基层的医务人员和患者,使得“头更重,脚更轻”。

医联体建设必须“沉”下去,弄清楚“为谁而联”。同时,医联体建设还需要制度设计和配套措施。专家认为,由于部分地区医联体未建立部门协同推进、机构分工协作、医疗资源共享、利益风险共担等机制,缺少保障长效运行的制度设计。配套支持政策还不完善,部分地区在医保支付方式、人事薪酬激励、药品配备使用、服务价格调整等方面的改革力度还不强。

﹃共同体﹄

让服务真正围绕患者转

专家认为,扎实推进医联体建设,重点要形成“四个共同体”,促使医疗资源真正下沉:一是形成“服务共同体”,完善畅通的双向转诊机制;二是形成“责任共同体”,完善权责一致的引导机制;三是形成“利益共同体”,完善利益分配机制;四是建立“管理共同体”,完善区域医疗资源整合与共享机制。让服务围绕患者转。

■新闻名词

医联体是指区域医疗联合体,是将同一个区域内的医疗资源整合在一起,通常由一个区域内的三级医院与二级医院、社区医院、村医院组成的一个医疗联合体。目的是为了解决百姓看病难的问题,发烧感冒的就不用再挤进三级医院,解决看病难的问题。

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