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厦门金砖会晤将进一步撬动全球发展议程

2017-09-02 20:00:50   国际在线

作者:中国社科院世界经济与政治研究所助理研究员 刘玮

9月4日,金砖国家领导人第九次会晤和新兴市场国家与发展中国家对话会将在中国厦门举行,此次峰会将通过聚焦落实2030可持续发展议程、启动“金砖+”机制、强化发展融资合作和改革国际开发性机构等方面,推动金砖合作机制成为发展中国家参与全球治理的杠杆,撬动全球治理议程的“发展”转向。

金砖合作机制始终将弥合全球治理中发展议程的缺失、推动国际发展合作作为重要目标。在金砖合作10年的重要节点,此次厦门峰会将采取诸多新的举措,进一步把金砖合作机制打造为全面的国际发展合作平台,促进金砖合作机制成为广大发展中国家参与全球治理的支点。厦门峰会将会从以下几个方面,撬动全球治理的发展进程。

第一,厦门金砖会晤将聚焦落实2030年可持续发展议程。金砖国家是落实“2030年可持续发展”议程的先行者,始终坚持国际社会在共同但有区别的责任等指导原则下,共同落实《2030年可持续发展议程》,督促发达国家切实履行将国民收入0.7%用于官方发展援助。中国已经采取了切实行动履行发展承诺,并发布了《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》和《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程进展报告》。此次会晤,金砖国家将会协同制定相关行动计划,在全球落实2030年可持续发展议程中发挥引领和示范作用。

第二,厦门金砖会晤将提出“金砖+”合作思路,推动新兴市场和发展中国家的团结合作,将金砖机制打造为发展中国家参与全球治理的共同平台。王毅外长在金砖国家领导人第九次会晤吹风会上宣布,“在厦门会晤期间,中方将举行新兴市场国家与发展中国家对话会,首次从全球范围内邀请5个新兴市场和发展中国家领导人出席,与金砖国家领导人一道,聚焦落实2030年可持续发展议程,推动建设具有全球影响的南南合作及国际发展合作平台。”“金砖+”不仅有助于增加金砖机制的活力和推动全球治理体系的包容性和普惠性,而且还会扩大金砖机制的动能,使其成为发展中国家撬动全球治理改革的重要杠杆。

第三,厦门金砖会晤将进一步推动国际发展融资合作,加强对发展中国家可持续发展的资金支持和能力建设。当前,发展中国家的基础设施建设和可持续发展项目仍然面临巨大的资金缺口。金砖国家既是发展中国家又是发展援助国,在协调发展合作中发挥着沟通桥梁的作用。金砖国家一直积极推动发展融资的国际合作,全面落实《亚的斯亚贝巴行动议程》,并将国内的发展经验分享给发展伙伴。此次会晤,金砖国家将会进一步深化发展融资的伙伴关系,努力构建发达国家、发展中国家及多边开发机构三方合作、多方合作等联合融资模式以及政府和社会资本合作(PPP)等多元化的发展融资机制。

第四,厦门金砖会晤将持续推动多边开发机构改革,推动多边展融资体系的包容性和适切性。现有多边开发机构不仅资金有限,而且在资金流向和借贷条件等方面受到发达国家主导,往往反映发达国家的地缘政治、经济理念和商业利益。为了推动多边发展融资体系更具包容性和更能满足发展中国家的发展需求,金砖国家通过建立新开发银行补充和完善现有多边开发机构。当前,新开发银行已经启动了7个可持续发展项目,价值15万亿美元。而且,新开发银行采取的平分股权、非常驻董事、符合东道国体系的环境和社会标准以及不附加政治条件的贷款原则均体现了对多边开发机构的革新。而且,新开发银行已于8月17日在南非约翰内斯堡建立新开发银行非洲区域中心,为非洲地区的持续性基础设施开发提供融资支持。随着业务领域和活动范围的扩大,金砖国家将会把新开发银行逐步打造为全球性的开发机构。

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