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上海玉佛禅寺大雄宝殿今起平移30余米 国内首例殿内文物同步平移

2017-09-02 18:10:51   央广网

央广网上海9月2日消息(记者吴善阳 傅闻捷 韩晓余)据中国之声《新闻晚高峰》报道,今天上午,上海古寺玉佛禅寺正式启动了平移30米工程,在主体建筑平移的同时,为了保证原貌,内部佛像及文物也将同步完成平移,这在国内建筑史上尚无先例。

上午十一点,备受关注的上海玉佛禅寺大雄宝殿平移工程正式启动。记者在现场看到,大雄宝殿已经被围架起来,放置在托盘梁上,托盘梁下修建了滑移轨道,轨道呈现凸字形,上面还铺有钢片,在地面上则贴有用来标记平移距离的刻度线。

本次平移的大雄宝殿矩形平面东西向24米、南北向18.34米,殿高18.2米,占地面积约450余平方米。大殿作为传统砖木结构,采用抬梁式木构架承载。殿内中央供奉着三尊泥塑大佛,佛高4米,大佛背面是大型海岛观音壁塑,殿内两旁是二十诸天像。像这样的大型中国传统纯木结构建筑整体平移,还带着所有的佛像、佛台一起移动,在国内目前还没有案例可以参考。

玉佛禅寺平移顶升项目经理陈运峰介绍:“它这个属于砖木结构,不单房子要拖换,中间还有大佛,而且还存在一些未知的因素,我们在施工的时候也是边设计边施工。我们要把这个房子想成一个整体,我们做了一个混凝土梁,这个房子整个在混凝土梁上坐着。”

根据施工方案,这次平移首先要对大雄宝殿进行加固托换,与原有的基础切断,再将大殿放置在托盘梁上,进行整体的移动和抬升。然后,在它下面再修建一个滑移轨道,使大雄宝殿沿着轨道方向滑移到新的位置,最后将大雄宝殿与新基础进行连接。

总承包上海建工四建集团项目经理沈君旗表示:“这个工作的难点一个是托换,东西两侧有20尊佛像,中间有3尊大的佛像。因为原来都是老的砖基础,中间都是空的,我们首先在里面采用的是灌注,灌浆,把它先凝固起来,钻孔完了以后再放36号的工字钢在里面,佛像的两边再灌注混泥土梁,这样佛像和砖墙的拖换都完成了。”

带着殿内的文物进行平移,无疑是增加了项目的难度。在平移的过程中,又如何保护殿内的文物呢?沈君旗表示,除了刚才提到的加固文物自身以外,工人还在佛像的四周搭设了钢性框架,钢框架与佛像间还分段布置了水平木夹板和限位肋板,它们与佛像间的空隙则通过柔性防火材料纤维支垫进行填充,即使平移过程中佛像产生轻微晃动也不会造成损伤,“我们之前也做过试平移,试平移的时候人站在上面是感觉不到的,我们在上面还放了四瓶矿泉水,水放在上面还是很稳的。我们还采用科技手段,上面有静力水准的检测,还有竖向倾斜的监测系统,这些都是由电脑控制的,整个在试平移的过程中,数据都是很稳定的。”

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