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中国小微企业数量已超7300万 增强竞争力需多方共同努力

2017-09-02 17:25:51   国际在线

国际在线报道(记者 肖中仁):中国国家工商总局局长张茅2日表示,近年来,中国小微企业保持快速增长态势,已成为扩大就业的重要支撑,尤其是创新型小微企业的大量涌现,为新常态下的经济结构转换提供了新的动能。

近年来,中国积极推进的商事制度改革与双创政策形成了叠加效应,在全国掀起新一轮创业创新热潮,小微企业继续保持快速增长态势。在2日举行的2017小微企业创新发展高层论坛上,国家工商总局局长张茅表示:“到今年7月底,中国小微企业名录收录的小微企业已达7328.1万户。据国家统计局的抽样调查,每户小型企业能带动7到8人就业,一户个体工商户带动2.9人就业。特别是创新型小微企业的大量涌现,成为推动创新发展的活力源泉,为新常态下的结构转换提供了新的动能。”

据了解,中国工商部门将注册资本实缴制改革为认缴登记制,极大地降低了资金门槛。同时,各地也逐步放宽住所登记条件,释放住所资源,传统的厂房、车库等都可以成为创业创新的空间,大幅度降低创业成本,为草根创业和小微企业发展创造了有利条件。

中国社科院学部主席团副秘书长文学国指出,第三产业是小微企业发展的主战场,呈现出总量持续增长、企业分工细、区域差异显著、成长更加多元等特点,“(小微企业的)产业占比主要集中在第三产业,在13大类产业里排在前四位的是批发零售业、居住餐饮业、居民服务、修理等其他服务业占到76.49%,这跟我们的小微企业所处发展阶段有关系。行业保持高速增长最主要是在现代服务业和互联网+等相关行业领域,这跟政府大力倡导的大众创业和万众创新紧密相关。”

数据显示,日本、欧洲的小微企业生命周期可以达到12年,美国达到8年多,而中国只有3年。对此,张茅强调,未来将进一步降低准入门槛、提高准入效率、规范市场秩序、完善扶持政策,提升小微企业的市场竞争力,“现在企业反映突出的‘准入不准营’问题,要继续大力削减市场准入前置和后置审批事项,减少和整合各种‘证’。要适应中国向服务经济转型的大趋势,加快放开教育、医疗、养老、文娱等社会领域,减少对外资和民间资本的投资限制,为促进小微企业、民营经济的较快发展创造条件。”

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