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贯穿大半年的 美俄“非正常”关系症结在哪儿?

2017-09-02 03:20:54   中国青年网

特朗普上任以来,美俄关系呈现出“非正常”状态,源于美国民主党由于不甘心大选失利而蓄意炒作的所谓“通俄门”。

早在去年8月共和、民主两党先后召开党代表大会确定各自总统竞选人之时,美国情报部门就向当任总统奥巴马报告有俄国情报部门涉嫌试图介入美国大选的迹象。奥巴马由于误认为希拉里胜券在握,根本未予重视。不料,以华盛顿政坛“局外人”身份参选的特朗普却赢得大选。奥巴马出于他个人和本党私利,无视美国政治体制传统,在下台前为牵制候任总统顺利施政,匆匆忙忙为新一届政府埋下“地雷”。所谓“通俄门”就是其中之一。

特朗普上任后,“通俄门”转向侧重调查特朗普团队人员在其就任总统前后与俄罗斯方面的接触和交往。举凡同俄驻美大使或普京本人相识或有过接触,都被扣以涉嫌与俄“勾结”、私下“通俄”的罪名。在一向支持民主党的美国主流媒体推波助澜下,一时间把“通俄门”闹得沸沸扬扬,使特朗普团队人员言谈失据、人人自危。一些民主党议员趁机叫嚣弹劾特朗普。这一事态迫使特朗普无法实现改善美俄关系的初衷,普京也不愿在美国舆论压力下做出妥协,致使美俄双方本都期待改善的双边关系反而降到历史最低点。

世人尽知,不择手段地干预其他国家选举的不是别人,恰恰是美国自己。策动俄罗斯、中亚、东欧地区“颜色革命”,阻挠普京再度竞选总统等等事例不胜枚举。2012年俄大选时,美国副总统拜登曾当面“劝诫”普京不要参选,并以“不利美俄关系”相威胁,其露骨干预程度更属罕见。

物极必反。一些民主党议员在媒体的助力下就所谓“通俄门”折腾了大半年,也没有搞出什么名堂。据美国有的媒体报道,民众对民生、就业等问题更为关切,对所谓“通俄门”议题已感到厌倦。

再来看影响当前美俄关系的两大因素:美国国内共和、民主两党的内斗和根深蒂固的对俄敌视情绪始终存在。未来美俄关系的发展不会是顺畅的,还会有起伏。从长远看,由于美国想继续独霸世界,俄罗斯谋求国家振兴,双方之间的这一战略目标是有分歧的,不易解决,双边关系难有根本性改善。不过,尽管俄罗斯经济实力远逊于美国,但它国土辽阔,资源丰富,人才济济,加之其拥有联合国安理会常任理事国、五大核国家之一的地位,在国际上的影响力是美国无法小视的,尤其俄罗斯是目前世界上唯一能向美国叫板的军事大国,因此美国并不愿与其迎头相撞,从而引发难以估量的后果。而俄罗斯既无意也无力与美国直接冲突,它只要求美对其平等相待。这就决定了美俄双方在未来相当长时间里将维持既争斗又合作的“斗而不破”的国家关系。

(作者系中国驻欧盟前大使)

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