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美宣布关闭俄驻美领馆 美俄关系要继续下滑?

2017-09-01 18:11:13   新华网

新华社北京9月1日电(全球热点)美宣布关闭俄驻美领馆 美俄关系要继续下滑?

新华社记者

作为对俄罗斯的报复性回应,美国要求俄方在9月2日之前关闭俄罗斯驻美国旧金山总领馆及位于华盛顿、纽约的各一处外交设施。俄方已表达不满,称将在认真研究后作出回应。

分析人士指出,美俄近期外交摩擦不断的主因是双方关系存在的结构性矛盾,双方关系短期内回暖可能性不大。

 【新闻事实】

美国国务院在声明中说,俄方要求削减美国驻俄外交机构人员“毫无道理”且有损两国关系。俄方关闭其驻旧金山总领馆及位于华盛顿、纽约的外交设施后,美俄双方将保持互设3个领事馆的对等规模。美方希望两国未来可以避免更多相互“报复行为”,不过美方也做好适时采取必要行动的准备。

美国国务卿蒂勒森当天在和俄罗斯外交部长拉夫罗夫的通话中告知对方这一决定。拉夫罗夫对美方加剧两国紧张关系的做法感到遗憾。

俄罗斯国家杜马(议会下院)国际事务委员会主席斯卢茨基说,俄罗斯驻旧金山总领馆是十分重要的外交机构。美方要求俄方关闭这一机构将使双方外交战升级。

 【深度分析】

中国现代国际关系研究院美国问题专家孙成昊指出,美俄两国外交摩擦存在升级可能,但也必须看到,双方仍留有余地。比如,俄方要求美方削减的驻俄外交机构人员中包括大量俄方雇员;而美方要求俄方关闭领馆并非驱逐俄方外交官,这意味着俄方可以自由安置这些人员到其他外交机构。

然而,由于新旧问题叠加,美俄关系短期内难以转暖。

孙成昊指出,一方面,美俄两国在国际秩序观、欧洲安全秩序和安排等问题上看法不同,两国经贸关系薄弱等固有结构性问题短期内难以解决。另一方面,特朗普执政后爆出“通俄门”事件,美国国内政治成为左右美俄关系的新变量,并逐渐在其中发挥主导性作用。

孙成昊说,特朗普在美国国内承受着对俄采取强硬措施的巨大压力,国内政治斗争极大限制了特朗普调整对俄政策的空间。

反观俄罗斯,在经济上确实没有回应美国制裁的有效手段,而在克里米亚、乌克兰、北约东扩、美国在东欧加强军力部署等一系列问题上,俄方立场又无软化可能,因此俄罗斯很可能继续保持雷声大、雨点小的回应态度。

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