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电动汽车零下30℃可自如奔跑

2017-09-01 15:46:01   中国青年网

本报讯(记者张航)“绿色奥运”是2022年北京冬奥会的总体目标,届时大批新能源电动车将奔驰于各赛区,而确保赛期冬季低温环境下电动车能环保、高效运行至关重要。昨天,北京理工大学联合相关团队发布“面向冬奥环境的新能源汽车与低温电池技术成果”。据了解,团队研发的技术可在零下30℃环境下只用1分钟就完成电池加热,确保电动车辆正常运行。

北理工电动车辆国家工程实验室主任孙逢春教授介绍,冬奥会期间北京、河北两大赛区场馆间最大距离为260公里,适合新能源汽车的推广应用,但使用新能源汽车需要克服诸多挑战。冬奥会期间张家口地区冬季平均温度处于零下10℃左右,而崇礼室外赛区在极寒时温度将降至零下23℃,如此寒冷条件下电动车辆动力电池的充、放电特性将变差,容量和寿命也会衰减,进而导致车辆续驶里程及整车动力性能显著下降,充电时间明显延长。目前解决上述问题主要采用外部加热方式,但这种方式能耗高、时间长、效率低、效果差。同时,现有的电动车辆智能化程度普遍较低,尚无法满足冬奥赛区冰雪覆盖下的复杂路况。

为此,北京理工大学联合相关单位团队合作开发了超低温区域带自加热技术的锂离子动力电池系统,并进行产业化量产。该电池系统可适用于更低的温度,在零下30℃时基于自加热的方式在几十秒内使电池温度上升到0℃以上,从而激活动力电池的正常应用,解决电池低温问题,彻底解决了电动汽车在冬季续驶里程急剧下降、无法启动、衰减、安全隐患等诸多难题,对电动汽车的发展具有里程碑的意义。

同时该团队还研究突破了一系列低温环境下的整车技术。他们研发出智能网联整车控制器和无动力中断自动变速电驱动系统,可以满足低温环境下整车系统的高效智能控制要求。此外,他们还开展了低温补气增焓技术的应用研究,让电动车厢内在寒冷的冬季依旧温暖如春。

据了解,在北京市科委支持下,孙逢春教授带领的北京市新能源汽车项目团队,计划在今年完成搭载全气候电池和低温增焓冷暖空调的样车研制,包括大客车、中巴车和轿车;2018年春节前,完成全气候新能源汽车在漠河、内蒙古等高寒地区的验证试验;预计至2020年共完成4种车型共11辆产品样车的开发。根据北京市政府的规划,2022年冬奥会举办过程中,其所在区域将实现新能源汽车的全覆盖。J067

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