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开创山绿民富的新生活

2017-09-01 09:27:20   中国青年网

本报记者 陈泳

会宁县干旱缺水,是典型的雨养农业大县,2015年全县农民人均纯收入低于全省1800多元,脱贫攻坚难度大。

为了加快农民增收脱贫步伐,在集体林权制度完成明晰产权承包到户的主体改革后,会宁县立足“兴林富民”的目标,持续深化改革,促进各类新型经营主体等社会资本向林业聚集,大力发展林下经济,形成“林上种果、林下种草(药)、林间养禽、森林康养”的立体发展格局,林地产出效益逐渐增加,林下经济已成为带动区域发展和农民增收新的增长点。

深化改革推动林业发展

通过多年的不懈努力和探索,“十二五”末,会宁全县已形成林下种植、林下养殖、林产品加工和森林景观利用相结合的林下经济发展模式,总产值达到5亿元以上,农村人均增收900多元。

农村林业的快速发展,让当地政府坚定了依靠林业富民的信心。在新时期,为做好“林上林下”两篇文章,会宁通过推进农村林业改革,将发展的目光投向“结合资源优势、发展特色产业”,在谋划产业规划、产业发展的同时,开始在林产品和林下经济产品开发利用与加工、促进产品品牌建设等方面下起了功夫。

在制定出台一系列农村林业改革政策性文件的基础上,当地政府规划建设了一批效益好、潜力大、带动力强的林下经济示范基地,扶持发展一批龙头企业、农民林业专业合作组织,培育形成一批区域性主导产业。同时,县里专门设立了林业综合管理服务中心,为配套改革提供全方位、一站式服务。

流转林权、规模经营,是释放农村林业发展活力的有效手段。在放活经营权林地承包到户经营后,会宁县有9万多农户拿到了林权证。但由于大部分劳力外出打工,加之部分家庭本身缺乏林业生产经营管理能力,致使一些林地资源难以发挥应有效益。在这种情况下,推动集体林权制度改革深入发展,优化林业生产要素配置,提高林地利用率和产出率,成为深化改革的当务之急。

一时间,政府给政策、乡镇找路子、干部出点子、农民想法子……在全县上下的共同努力下,部分农民开始按照依法、自愿的原则,有偿流转林地承包经营权,使林地资源向林业生产能手、专业大户、家庭林场、农民林业合作社和林业企业适度集中,促进了规模经营发展水平。

在会宁县双坪林场,经村民代表会议讨论一致通过,将该村宜林荒山荒地1.2万亩流转给村民牛炳蔚承包,由他自筹资金恢复生态建设、发展林下种植和林下养殖。仅仅3年时间,荒山焕发了“青春”,林场职工达到10人,季节性工人达到200人,共营造文冠果、核桃、乡土树种稍白杨、油用牡丹等1.1万亩,养殖林下生态鸡1万只,产值超过3000万元。

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