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第三轮英国“脱欧”谈判无果而终

2017-09-01 09:16:25   国际在线

欧盟“脱欧”首席谈判代表巴尼耶(右)和英国“脱欧”事务大臣戴维斯出席新闻发布会

国际在线报道(中国国际广播电台记者 史靖洪):为期4天的第三轮英国“脱欧”谈判8月31日结束。欧盟“脱欧”首席谈判代表巴尼耶在随后举行的新闻发布会上说,双方没有在主要议题上取得“决定性”进展。英国“脱欧”事务大臣戴维斯则希望欧盟在谈判中更加务实和灵活。

巴尼耶在新闻发布会上开门见山,对英国和欧盟能否在2019年3月29日之前达成协议感到忧心忡忡。他说,虽然双方在第三轮谈判中就许多议题进行了有益的讨论,但在主要议题上没有取得任何“决定性进展”。他说:“我重申,正如我们所希望的,我们要在短时间内达成一个全面协议。但按照目前的速度,我们还远远没有看到足够的进展,使我们可以向欧洲理事会提出开始讨论英国和欧盟未来关系的建议,因为我们将在2018年全年来确定英国脱离欧盟的协议。”

巴尼耶坦承欧盟和英国在保护公民权利、“分手费”等核心议题上存在较大分歧。在保护公民权利方面,他批评英国政府最近向大约100多位欧盟公民发放驱逐令,要求他们必须在一个月内离开英国。巴尼耶说,虽然英国政府很快意识到这个错误,但这类事情不是第一次发生。这更说明欧洲法院应有权监督在英国的欧盟公民权利的保护情况,但英国对此并不同意。

在谈到“分手费”问题时,巴尼耶认为英国政府出现了倒退现象。他说:“欧盟27国的纳税人不应该承担28国的义务。这是不公平的。英国政府在7月份(的第二轮谈判中)承认英国在‘脱欧’后依然对欧盟有财务方面的义务,但在本周的谈判中英国又称他们的义务仅限于脱欧前英国最后一次所支付的欧盟预算。”

巴尼耶解释说,之所以会产生英国“脱欧”之后的财政义务问题,是因为包括英国在内的欧盟28国曾共同做出过一些长期的贷款计划,为乌克兰、非洲和加勒比地区的一些国家提供支助。他强调,英国“脱欧”谈判的第一阶段关乎双方建立互信,但目前存在的诸多不确定性,难以使双方建立起互信。

8月中旬以来,英国政府陆续公布了一系列“脱欧”立场文件,但遭到欧盟冷眼相待。巴尼耶当天在新闻发布会上再次对英国提出的退出欧盟单一市场和关税同盟的立场予以批评。他说:“欧洲理事会的指导原则指出,欧盟将保留其决策自主权。英国希望收回它的控制权,希望采用自己的标准和法规。但它还希望欧盟自动认可这些标准。这就是英国文件所要求的。这是根本不可能的。你不能在单一市场之外,还塑造它的法律秩序。”

共同出席新闻发布会的英国“脱欧”事务大臣戴维斯则认为,本轮谈判虽然艰苦,但双方还是取得了“一些具体的进展”,并且在爱尔兰的未来边界问题上“高度趋同”。针对巴尼耶有关“分手费”问题的表态,戴维斯回应说,英方有义务维护本国纳税者的利益。他说:“英国首相在谈判开始前曾经多次表示,我们是一个履行国际义务的国家,并将继续这样做,但这些义务必须有明确的规定,而且必须是真实的。他们不一定是合法的,我们有时也认可道义方面的义务。”

戴维斯还认为,与欧盟相比,英国在本轮谈判中表现得更为灵活和务实,他建议欧盟今后也能更加灵活和务实。他同时强调:“我仍然认为,在英国退出欧盟和英国与欧盟的未来关系之间存在着不可避免的重叠,不能将它整齐划分。”

他还透露,英国政府在接下来的几周还会继续公布有关“脱欧”的立场文件。但英国和欧盟之间的“离婚大战”早已注定是一场难言的结局。

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