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一涨再涨,日防卫预算再创历史新高

2017-09-01 08:16:32   中国青年网

从预算请求项目看,防卫省计划斥重金强化反导能力,增强西南岛屿的装备和兵力部署,进一步扩大与美军等外军的合作。分析人士指出,未来日本军备预计将持续扩大,恐怕会对地区局势带来新的不安。

日本防卫省提出的2018财年防卫预算中,引进新型反导系统是一大重点。防卫省相关人士30日表示,日本将以陆基宙斯盾导弹防御系统为中心,着手探讨引进新的反导装备。不过,预算并未列出计划引进的具体装备型号及所需金额。

除引进新型反导系统之外,日本2018财年在反导系统方面的投入预计高达1791亿日元,其中657亿日元用于引入搭载在宙斯盾舰上的“标准-3 IB”和“标准-3 IIA”增强型反导系统,205亿日元用于购进“爱国者-3 MSE”增强型反导系统。

防卫省表示,2018财年,日本自卫队将继续着重于“联合机动防卫力量”的构建:海上自卫队将分别斥资964亿日元和715亿日元建造两艘新型驱逐舰和一艘新潜艇;航空自卫队计划耗资881亿日元新增6架F-35A战机,从而在该财年结束前在自卫队三泽基地新编一支拥有10架F-35A战机的航空部队。

此外,据防卫省介绍,自卫队将继续增强在西南岛屿方面的军备投入。陆上自卫队将在日本西南海域的宫古岛、奄美大岛、石垣岛部署监视部队加强情报收集,并斥资552亿日元进行相关部队设施建设。自卫队还将进一步增强陆空方面的机动能力,计划花费347亿日元购买地对舰、地对空导弹,并斥资457亿日元购入4架“鱼鹰”运输机。

日本自卫队计划新成立首支“太空部队”,并加强与日本宇宙航空研究开发机构及美国在太空军事领域的合作。2018财年防卫预算中,防卫省申请了887亿日元经费用于太空监控系统建设及相关研究,强化卫星情报收集及通信能力。防卫省官员透露,日方还计划派遣自卫官赴美培训,并正式参加由美国主导的多国“太空战”演习。

此外,日本防卫省将加强在网络安全领域的研究投入,计划斥资45亿日元打造应对网络攻击的演练系统,将现有110人规模的“网络安全防卫队”扩充到150人左右。日本还将在2018财年预算中列支约200亿日元,研发具备探测导弹及反隐形战机功能的新型雷达系统。

防卫省本次公布的防卫预算请求中,尚未计入需要在陆基宙斯盾或其他新反导系统上耗费的具体金额,预计在今年年底正式制定2018财年政府预算时,防卫预算总额可能还会上调。

从目前态势看,引进陆基宙斯盾等新型反导系统,可能只是日本新一轮军扩的开始。今年3月,日本执政的自民党曾向首相安倍晋三提交一份报告,不仅要求加强日本的反导系统,还建议解禁主动攻击敌方基地的军事能力。据日媒报道,8月初安倍内阁改组后刚上任的防卫大臣小野寺五典对此提议持积极态度。

在8月中旬的日美防长及外长会议(“2+2”会谈)记者会上,小野寺表示,日本开始着手制定新的防卫大纲和5年期“中期防卫力整备计划”(2019-2023财年),这两份文件将体现日本新的防卫和装备态势。分析人士预计,新文件将大幅突破现行5年期的防卫预算总额上限(24.7万亿日元),未来日本防卫预算或将继续逐年上涨。

分析人士指出,一段时期来,日本政府不断渲染朝鲜半岛核导危机,为继续大幅增加军备制造借口。日本宪法专家伊藤真认为,安倍上台后,防卫预算连续6年增加,这种做法对维护和平绝无任何好处,更无益于与亚洲各国构建良好关系。

新华社记者 王可佳

(据新华社东京8月31日电)

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