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过敏性鼻炎并非免疫力低下

2017-09-01 05:45:54   中国青年网

长春晚报记者 孙娇杨

夏秋交替之际,正值过敏性鼻炎高发期,怎样有效预防过敏性鼻炎是市民们最想知道的答案。8月31日13时30分,长春民生直播间邀请吉林大学中日联谊医院副院长、耳鼻咽喉科教授朱冬冬,为大家详细介绍有关于过敏性鼻炎防治的相关知识,教大家如何区分鼻炎和感冒。进入秋季后,长春地区鼻炎的患者量大增。朱冬冬称,鼻炎其实分为很多种,其中包括慢性鼻炎、急性鼻炎、过敏性鼻炎等。在北方,尤其是长春,春秋两季是过敏性鼻炎的高发期,立秋至霜降期间,发病率特别高。据调查发现,在长春地区,过敏性鼻炎发病率占总人口数的9%至9.3%。很多市民认为,得了过敏性鼻炎,一定是身体的免疫性不好,其实不然。朱冬冬称:“过敏性鼻炎并不是免疫力低下,而是机体的免疫识别系统出现了问题,把没有害的当成了有害的,从而产生抵抗,抵抗过程中产生一些副反应,如打喷嚏、鼻塞等,便形成过敏性鼻炎。”这种情况之所以在北方比较明显,是因为在长春,过敏性鼻炎患者中30%以上对蒿草过敏、春季对杨柳絮过敏。而南方则是90%对螨虫过敏,因为过敏源不同,所以疾病发生反应也不同。朱冬冬认为,鼻炎的概念很大,可以说,每个人都得过鼻炎。因为,每个人都得过感冒,感冒会导致急性鼻炎,但急性鼻炎大多数都不需要治疗,绝大多数人可以自愈。只要注意多休息、多喝水、多吃维生素类水果即可。那么,究竟该如何区分普通感冒和过敏性鼻炎呢?朱冬冬称,虽然二者症状相似,但过敏性鼻炎不会出现浑身酸痛的症状,再者,感冒两周即可恢复,过敏性鼻炎则不会在短时间内恢复健康。那么,鼻炎到底可不可以治愈呢?朱冬冬称,因为鼻炎分为几种,过敏性鼻炎,目前还没有很好的方式能达到治愈,但有很多方法能干预,达到不影响工作和生活,不会在机体上造成不可逆的损伤。治疗的方法包括药物治疗、脱敏治疗、远离过敏源。当然,前提是提前确定自己的过敏源是什么。很多人认为,鼻炎也是一种炎症,会传染给其他人。朱冬冬称,能传染的大都是感染性疾病,有些鼻炎是可以传染的,如急性鼻炎,过敏性鼻炎不传染,但有遗传倾向。如果父母有一人有过敏性鼻炎,孩子则有50%的患病几率,如果父母双方都有,孩子会有70%至80%的患病几率。所以,市民要将鼻炎与肺、支气管一样重视起来。同一个气道,同一种疾病。

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